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. 2014 Jun 4;2:60. doi: 10.1186/2051-5960-2-60

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© Menard et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Neurite outgrowth, neurite swellings and neurite branching as measures of dystrophy. Panels A, B, and C represent the data collected from 3-month control (n = 101) and diabetic (n = 128) rat neuronal cultures. An asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant data. Error bars indicate the mean ± the S.E.M. At 3 months, area (neuronal outgrowth) and the number of neurite swellings were both found to be significantly increased in diabetic neurons, at, respectively, 1.2X (p = 0.0042) and 1.3X (p = 0.01) that of control neurons. Branching was higher in diabetic neurons, although not significantly, at 1.16X the control, p = 0.0688. Panels D, E, and F represent the data collected from 6-month control (n = 129) and diabetic (n = 108) rat neuronal cultures. At 6 months, area was found to be significantly lower in the diabetic neurons, as compared to the control neurons, at 0.48X (p = <0.001). While there was no significant difference between diabetic or control neurons in the amount of neurite swellings (p = 0.3438), the diabetic neurons were seen to have a significantly higher amount of neurite branching, at 1.56X (p = 0.0015) that of the control neurons.