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. 2014 Jun 25;16(3):R134. doi: 10.1186/ar4591

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Copyright © 2014 Furman et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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The effect of local intra-articular and systemic administration of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and soluble TNF receptor II (sTNFRII) on degenerative changes in joint tissues following articular fracture. Histologic images of knee joints stained with Safranin-O (red) and fast green (green) following fracture (F = femur, T = tibia, M = meniscus, white arrow = articular fracture, yellow arrow = fibrocartilage), and total joint Mankin score of arthritic degenerative changes in joint tissues for contralateral control and fractured limbs following local intra-articular (IA) administration of saline, IL-1Ra and sTNFRII (A-B) and systemic administration of saline, IL-1Ra and sTNFRII (C-D). Data presented as mean + standard deviation (*significant difference between limbs, ^#significant differences between treatment groups).