Table 3.
Biomarkers and cytokines
| Local - saline | Local - IL-1Ra | Local - sTNFRII | P (Kruskal-Wallis) | Systemic - saline | Systemic - IL1-Ra | Systemic - sTNFRII | P (Kruskal-Wallis) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum osteocalcin, ng/ml |
7.3 ± 9.0 |
11.1 ± 6.7 |
111.4 ± 199.5§ |
0.08 |
11.1 ± 11.3 |
10.6 ± 9.9 |
10.6 ± 9.9 |
0.93 |
| Serum CTX-I, ng/ml |
17.3 ± 7.4a |
15.9 ± 3.6a |
34.2 ± 24.6b |
0.03 |
22.5 ± 16.6 |
23.0 ± 14.1 |
19.9 ± 9.9 |
0.73 |
| Serum free active (FA) TGF-β1, pg/ml |
19.1 ± 8.2 |
20.7 ± 10.3 |
22.4 ± 11.4 |
0.97 |
22.8 ± 11.9 |
34.3 ± 8.0§ |
20.2 ± 19.1 |
0.07 |
| Serum total TGF-β1, pg/ml |
121,025 ± 45,854a |
108,251 ± 17,183a |
84,573 ± 12,760b |
0.004 |
95,781 ± 24,239 |
99,868 ± 4,063 |
90,003 ± 11,717 |
0.18 |
| Serum FA/total TGF-β1 (x 10-3) |
0.18 ± 0.09 |
0.19 ± 0.08 |
0.27 ± 0.14 |
0.50 |
0.23 ± 0.10a,b |
0.34 ± 0.07a |
0.24 ± 0.25b |
0.048 |
| Serum CTX-II |
5.7 ± 10.1 |
5.7 ± 7.7 |
3.8 ± 5.3 |
0.83 |
2.4 ± 3.1 |
1.7 ± 4.4 |
2.7 ± 4.6 |
0.88 |
| Serum IL-6, pg/ml |
32.5 ± 41.5a,b |
6.3 ± 2.8a |
67.0 ± 103b |
0.004 |
17.6 ± 35.6 |
57.9 ± 78.0§ |
48.3 ± 77.2§ |
0.09 |
| SF IL-6 control limb, pg/ml |
1,294 ± 319a,b |
1,348 ± 531a |
626 ± 505b |
0.02 |
523 ± 657 |
1,333 ± 365§ |
1,197 ± 1,675§ |
0.08 |
| SF IL-6 fractured limb, pg/ml | 1,513 ± 977a,b | 1,238 ± 299a | 820 ± 500b | 0.04 | 730 ± 595a | 1,370 ± 587b | 653 ± 486a | 0.04 |
Serum and synovial fluid (SF) measures of the bone turnover markers osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX-I), cartilage derived CTX-II, joint-tissue-related growth factor TGF-β1, and the cytokine IL-6. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Data with different letters are statistically different from each other (P <0.05) as measured by Kruskal-Wallis with multiple comparison of the mean ranks. P-values of the measures with significant differences (P <0.05) are shown in boldface text. §Trend (P ≤0.09).