Table 2.

Associations between expression of immunohistochemical markers and brain-invasive status, WHO grade, and recurrence

Marker	Brain invasion			WHO 2007 grade			Recurrence
	Yes	No	P-value	Grade II	Grade I	P-value	Yes	No	P-value
	n=14	n=53		n=33	n=34		n=23	n=44
Proliferation
Ki-67/MIB-1
Mean rank:	41.18	32.10	0.121	44.85	23.47	< 0.001	35.20	33.38	0.716
	U=271	z=-1.55		U=919	z=4.49		U=479	z=-0.36
Median:	3.1	1.7		3.2	1.4		1.7	1.7
PHH3
Mean rank:	33.82	34.05	0.968	44.37	23.59	< 0.001	37.0	32.43	0.349
	U=374	z=0.04		U=915	z=4.57		U=437	z=-0.94
Median:	2	2		4	1		2	2
ECM modulation
MMP-9
Mean rank:	41.50	32.02	0.025	36.50	31.57	0.153	36.87	32.50	0.228
	U=266	z=-2.24		U=644	z=1.43		U=440	z=-1.21
Cathepsin D
Mean rank:	37.07	33.19	0.486	38.18	29.94	0.069	33.85	34.08	0.961
	U=328	z=-0.70		U=699	z=1.82		U=510	z=0.05
PAI-1
Mean rank:	35.32	33.65	0.759	35.70	32.35	0.450	31.37	35.38	0.391
	U=353	z=-0.31		U=617	z=0.76		U=567	z=0.86
Cell adhesion
E-cadherin
Mean rank:	33.43	34.15	0.899	36.08	31.99	629.5	33.39	34.32	0.859
	U=379	z=0.13		U=630	z=0.88		U=520	z=0.19
CD44
Mean rank:	37.42	31.89	0.333	33.73	32.29	0.751	31.17	34.00	0.554
	U=281	z=-0.97		U=552	z=0.32		U=525	z=0.59

Statistically significant p-values are in bold. P-values were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. ECM, extracellular matrix.