Table 3.
Risk factorsa | % with LBP | P value |
---|---|---|
Gender | <0.001 | |
Male | 47.7 | |
Female | 58.7 | |
Age (years) | 0.356 | |
≤30 | 53.5 | |
31-40 | 54.5 | |
41-50 | 58.9 | |
>50 | 56.4 | |
Body mass index | 0.673 | |
<18.5 | 50.7 | |
18-24.9 | 54.1 | |
25-29.9 | 56.5 | |
≥30 | 57.2 | |
Marital status | 0.220 | |
Single | 53.7 | |
Married | 57.9 | |
Separated/divorced/widowed | 57.4 | |
Education level | 0.515 | |
Certificate | 51.1 | |
Diploma | 55.3 | |
Bachelor’s degree | 57.0 | |
Number of children <6 years | 0.562 | |
1 | 55.2 | |
≥2 | 58.1 | |
Previous injury | <0.001 | |
No | 51.7 | |
Yes | 91.8 | |
Tobacco smoking | 0.120 | |
Smokers | 42.9 | |
Ex-smokers | 52.7 | |
Never smoked | 56.3 | |
Regular physical exercise (hours per week) | 0.024 | |
≤5 | 57.6 | |
>5 | 47.2 | |
School level | 0.176 | |
Primary school | 57.5 | |
Junior secondary school | 52.8 | |
Senior secondary school | 54.1 | |
Length of employment (years) | 0.307 | |
≤10 | 53.8 | |
11-20 | 56.1 | |
21-30 | 60.1 | |
>30 | 58.1 | |
Hours of work per week | 0.002 | |
40 | 54.2 | |
>40 | 65.5 | |
Average number of students taught | 0.591 | |
≤25 | 51.4 | |
26-30 | 57.0 | |
31-35 | 57.9 | |
36-40 | 55.0 | |
>40 | 55.2 | |
Extracurricular activities | 0.623 | |
No | 56.6 | |
Yes | 55.2 |
aStatistical associations between independent variables and LBP were evaluated using chi-squared. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) are marked in bold.