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. 2014 Nov 11;9:238. doi: 10.1186/s13014-014-0238-y

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© Takahashi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Carbon-ion dose distributions with a single beam angle for (a) ungated and (b) gated irradiation. Planning dose distribution and treatment dose simulations with 1 × PCR, 4 × PCR, and 8 × PCR. In the supine position, the beam angle was set to 340 degrees. The respiratory cycle was 4.2 sec. Yellow lines demonstrate the CTV (patient no. 7). Green arrows show beam direction. In Figure 1(a), white arrow shows the dose degradation in the CTV. Dose assessment metrics for all 14 cases as a function of the number of rescannings. Beam angle was 340 degrees. D95, Dmax, and Dmin for (c) ungated and (d) gated strategies. The homogeneity index (HI) is for (e) ungated and (f) gated strategies.