Table 1. Overview of included neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in the current systematic review and meta-analysis.
# | Disease | Aetiology | Search Terms+ |
1 | Buruli ulcer | Mycobacterium ulcerans: precise transmission unknown but may be associated with insect bites to exposed skin such as feet | exp Buruli Ulcer OR exp, Mycobacterium ulcerans OR exp, mycobacterium infections, nontuberculous OR buruli ulcer* OR mycobacterium ulceran* OR Bairnsdale ulcer OR Daintree ulcer |
2 | Podoconiosis | Geochemical non-filarial elephantiasis, Transmission associated with long term barefoot exposure to red clay soil | Podoconiosis OR non-filarial elephantiasis OR mossy foot |
3 | Any soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection, including hookworm | Ascaris lumbricoides: Trichuris trichiura and hookworm, intestinal parasites which produce eggs passed in feces, transmission by ingestion from contaminated hands or utensils or penetration of skin by larvae (i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated soil) | Soil-transmitted helminth* OR soil transmitted helminth* OR intestinal worm* OR exphelminth OR expHelminthiasis |
4 | Hookworm infection | Necatoramericanus and Ancylostoma duodenale, transmission by penetration of skin by larvae (i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated soil) | Exp hookworm infections OR expancylostomatoidea OR expancylostoma OR necator |
5 | Strongyloidiasis | Strongyloides stercoralis: type of STH, which produces eggs that hatch into larvae passed in feces and transmission by penetration of skin by larvae(i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated soil) | Strongyloid* OR exp strongyloides stercoralis OR exp Stronyloidiasis OR exp strongyloides OR round?worm |
6 | Cutaneous larva migrans | Ancylostoma braziliense, A. ceylanicum and other zoonotic hookworms: zoonotic intestinal parasite living in cats and dogs, which produce eggs passed in their feces, transmission by penetration of skin by larvae (i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated soil) | Exp larva migrans OR cutaneous larva migran* OR creeping eruption OR ground itch OR sandworm* OR plumber's itch OR zoonotic hookworm OR ancylostoma braziliense OR uncinaria stenocephala OR ancylostoma caninum OR exp ancylostoma |
7 | Leptospirosis | Leptospira interrogans: bacteria passed in urine, transmission by direct contact through the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes, or through cuts and abrasions on the skin (i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated soil) | Exp leptospirosis OR weil's syndrome OR weil disease OR canicola fever OR canefield fever OR nanukayami fever OR 7-day fever OR Rat Catcher's Yellows OR Fort Bragg Fever OR black jaundice OR Pretibial fever OR Leptospira OR Icterohemorrhagic fever OR Swineherd's disease OR Rice-field fever OR Cane-cutter fever OR Swamp fever OR Mud fever OR Hemorrhagic jaundice OR Stuttgart disease |
8 | Tungiasis | Tunga penetrans: ectoparasite on the sand flea, transmission by penetration of skin by sand fleas (i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated sand) | Exptunga OR Tungapenetrans OR jigger* OR sandflea OR expTungiasis OR Pico OR chigoe flea OR suthi |
9 | Myiasis | Dermatobiahominis, Cordylobiaanthropophaga and others: parasite transmitted on a fly larva (and potentially through blood-sucking vectors such as mosquitos), transmission by penetration of skin by larvae(i.e., if feet are exposed to contaminated soil) | Exp myiasis OR dermatobiahominis OR chrysomabezziana OR cordylobiaanthropophaga OR flystrike OR blowfly strike OR fly-blown |
10 | Snakebite | Venomous snakes: envenoming, transmission associated with snake bites to exposed skin (i.e., on feet) | Exp snake bite OR exp antivenins OR snakebite* OR exp venoms OR envenoming OR snake poison |
11 | Mycetoma | Eumycetoma: Madurellamycetomatis, Pseudallescheriaboydii (and other fungi), Actinomycetoma: Nocardia spp., Streptomyces spp., Actinomadura spp. (and other aerobic actinomycetes), certain fungi or bacteria, transmission probably by entering the body into the subcutaneous tissue through minor trauma, often through the foot | Madura Foot OR expmycetoma OR eumycetoma* OR mycetomapedis OR actinomycetoma* |
+Additional search terms for intervention (exp shoes OR shoe* OR footwear* OR boots OR sandals OR footgear OR exp primary prevention) and all NTDs (exp neglected diseases OR neglected tropical disease* OR NTD* OR exp tropical disease).