Table 1. Summary of published studies on drug treatments for the prevention of VOD/RILD.
| Reference | Studydesign | N | Treatment regimen | Incidenceof VOD | p-value* | Bilirubin(µmol/L) | p-value* |
| Attal et al.1993 [14] | ProspectiveRCT | 70 | Pentoxifylline 1,600 mg/dday −8 to day+100 post-BMT | 4% | NS | 26.4(mean max) | NS |
| 70 | Control | 3% | 24.4(mean max) | ||||
| Clift et al.1993 [22] | ProspectiveRCT | 44 | Pentoxifylline 2,400 mg/dday −3 to day+70 post-allogeneic BMT | - | 26.6(mean max) | 0.62 | |
| 44 | Control | - | 23.47(mean max) | ||||
| Bianco et al.1991 [16] | Phase 1–2 | 30 | Pentoxifylline 1,200, 1,600,and 2,000 mg/d; day−10 to day+100 post-BMT | 10% | 0.001 | - | - |
| 20 | Control (retrospective) | 65% | - | ||||
| Attal et al1992 [15] | ProspectiveRCT | 81 | Unfractionated heparin100 U/kg/d cont. infusion;day −8 to day+30 post-BMT | 2.5% | 0.01 | 7.4%exceeding 34 | <0.05 |
| 80 | Control | 14% | 18.7%exceeding 34 | ||||
| Forrest et al.2003 (18) | Prospectivesingle-arm | 40 | LMWH: dalteparin 2500anti-Xa i.u; day −1 to day+30 post-BMT or hospitaldischarge | 22.5%, 2.5% severe | |||
| Or et al.1996 [20] | ProspectiveRCT, pilot | 61 | LMWH: enoxaparin40 mg/day; day+1to day+40 post-BMTor hospital discharge | 0.01 | (duration ofelevatedlevels) | 0.01 | |
| 33 | Control | ||||||
| Essel et al.1998 [17] | ProspectiveRCT | 34 | UDCA 600–1200 mg/d;day at least −1 to day+80 post-BMT | 15% | 0.03 | 102.6(mean max) | 0.13 |
| 32 | Control | 40% | 188.1(mean max) | ||||
| Ohashi et al.2000 [19] | ProspectiveRCT | 67 | UDCA 600 mg/d;day −21 to day+80post-BMT | 3% | 0.004 | Not reportedin detail | NS |
| 65 | Control | 18.5% | Not reportedin detail | ||||
| Park et al.2002 [28] | ProspectiveRCT | 82 | UDCA 600 mg/d + unfractionated heparin5–50 U/kg/d adjusted aPTTof 50 s; day +1 to day +30post-BMT or hospitaldischarge (but aminimum of 15d) | 16% | 0.348 | 148.8(mean max) | 0.725 |
| 83 | Unfractionated heparin5–50 U/kg/d adjustedaPTT of 50 s; day +1 today +30 post-BMT orhospital discharge(but a minimum of 15d) | 19% | 173.6(mean max) |
*Group comparison; LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin; BMT: Bone marrow transplantation; Max: Maximum; NS: Not significant; VOD: Veno-occlusive disease; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; UDCA: ursodeoxycholic acid (ursodiol); aPTT: activated Partial Thromboplastin Time.