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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 13.
Published in final edited form as: J Trauma Stress. 2010 Oct;23(5):582–590. doi: 10.1002/jts.20573

Table 2.

Unstandardized Coefficient Estimates of Exogenous Variables on PTSD at T1 and T2

Exogenous variables Direct and indirect effects on PTSD at T1
Direct effect SE Total indirect effecta 95% CIb Total effect SE
Child hurricane threat 5.46*** 0.72 0.39 0.10–0.87 5.85*** 0.72
Child hurricane loss 1.87*** 0.32 0.13 −0.01–0.46 2.00*** 0.32
Child violence Exposure 5.55*** 0.77 0.27 0.03–0.71 5.82*** 0.76
Exogenous variables Direct and indirect effects on PTSD at T2
Direct effect SE Total indirect effecta 95% CIb Total effect SE
Child hurricane threat 0.38 0.76 3.25 2.13–4.62 3.63*** 0.83
Child hurricane loss −0.22 0.30 1.20 0.74–1.73 0.99* 0.34
Child violence Exposure 0.41 0.72 3.05 1.96–4.31 3.46*** 0.79

Note. PTSD = Posttraumatic stress disorder.

a

The sum of the indirect effects each child exogenous variable has on PTSD at T1 or T2, through the parent variables.

b

Based on Preacher and Hayes (2008) macro for models with multiple indirect effects. Confidence Intervals are estimated using bias-corrected bootstrapping.

*

p < .05.

***

p < .001.