The cartoon depicts pol III (yellow) and pol IV (green with a blue little finger) simultaneously bound to the dimeric β-clamp. In the top panel, the main replicase, pol III, is engaged at the primer terminus. At a DNA lesion (middle panel), pol III disengages from the primer terminus and pol IV rotates into position so as to promote TLS. After TLS has occurred (bottom panel), pol IV is replaced by pol III, which resumes genome duplication. Cartoon modified from Pages and Fuchs (176).