Table III.
Normal Values for Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume Index from the Literature
| Article | N | Mode | Male ESV Lower Limit (mL) | Male ESV Upper Limit (mL) | Female ESV Lower Limit (mL) | Female ESV Upper Limit (mL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alfakih et al.4* | 60 | MRI TGE | 19.7 (40–65 years) | 78.9 (40–65 years) | 22.0 (40–65 years) | 56.0 (40–65 years) |
| Alfakih et al.4* | 60 | MRI SSFP | 26.1 (40–65 years) | 89.7 (40–65 years) | 26.8 (40–65 years) | 68.8 (40–65 years) |
| Cain et al.5 | 96 | MRI gradient echo† | 14.0 (51–60 years) | 46.0 (51–60 years) | 13.0 (51–60 years) | 37.0 (51–60 years) |
| 12.0 (61–70 years) | 44.0 (61–70 years) | 14.0 (61–70 years) | 38.0 (61–70 years) | |||
| 8.0 (71–80 years) | 43.0 (71–80 years) | 14.0 (71–80 years) | 39.0 (71–80 years) | |||
| Nikitin et al.6 | 95 | MRI SSFP | 19.0 (<65 years) | 24.0 (<65 years) | 19.0 (<65 years) | 23.0 (<65 years) |
| 15.0 (>65 years) | 20.0 (>65 years) | 13.0 (>65 years) | 20.0 (>65 years) | |||
| Lang et al. (ASE guidelines)7 | 510 | 2D ECHO | 12.0 | 30.0 | 12.0 | 30.0 |
| Aune et al.8 | 166 | 3D ECHO | 17.0 | 41.0 | 13.0 | 33.0 |
| Fukuda et al.9 – Japanese | 410 | 3D ECHO | 7.0 (50–59 years) | 27.0 (50–59 years) | 8.0 (50–59 years) | 24.0 (50–59 years) |
| 7.0 (60–69 years) | 27.0 (60–69 years) | 7.0 (60–69 years) | 23.0 (60–69 years) | |||
| Chahal et al.10 – European White | 499 | 3D ECHO | 30.0 (35–44 years) | N/A | 26.0 (35–44 years) | N/A |
| 32.0 (45–54 years) | 26.0 (45–54 years) | |||||
| 29.0 (55–64 years) | 21.0 (55–64 years) | |||||
| 26.0 (65–75 years) | 20.0 (65–75 years) | |||||
| Chahal et al.10 – Indian Asian | 479 | 3D ECHO | 28.0 (35–44 years) | N/A | 23.0 (35–44 years) | N/A |
| 24.0 (45–54 years) | 21.0 (45–54 years) | |||||
| 23.0 (55–64 years) | 19.0 (55–64 years) | |||||
| 24.0 (65–75 years) | 22.0 (65–75 years) | |||||
| Wang et al.11 | 140 | gSPECT QGS | 26.6 | 17.3 | ||
| Wang et al.11 | 140 | gSPECT 4D-MSPECT | 20.4 | 20.1 | ||
| Nakajima et al.12 | 268 | gSPECT QGS | 33.2 | 23.7 | ||
| Hor et al.13* | 585 | RNV | 50.0 | 60.0 | 50.0 | 60.0 |
| Jongjirasiri et al.15* | 115 | 320-CT | 28.4 | 68.0 | 15.9 | 52.3 |
Values are indexed to body surface area. ASE = american society of echocardiography; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; TGE = turbo gradient ECHO; SSFP = steady-state free procession; 2D = two-dimensional; 3D = three-dimensional; ECHO = echocardiography; gSPECT = gated single photon emission computed tomography; QGS = quantitative gated single photon emission computed tomography software; 4D-MSPECT = four-dimensional myocardial single photon emission computed tomography; RNV = radionuclide ventriculography; 320-CT = 320 slice computed tomography.
*
Values were not indexed.
†
Sequence not specified.