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. 2014 Nov 14;5:440. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00440

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Copyright © 2014 Liu, Lin, Lu, Peng, Lee and Kou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) dose-dependently attenuates the induction of IL-8 by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in human bronchial epithelial cells. Cells were incubated with medium alone or 3% CSE for 24 h with pretreatment with vehicle or various concentrations (1, 2, and 5 μM) of EPA. Protein levels of IL-8 in the cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting. Data in each group are mean ± s.e.m. from five independent experiments. ^*p < 0.05 vs. control (vehicle without CSE stimulation). ^#p < 0.05 vs. CSE without EPA pretreatment.