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. 2014 Oct 8;100(6):1532–1540. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.092544

TABLE 2.

Regression analysis assessing the contribution of total dairy intake from the food-frequency questionnaire to serum concentrations of pentadecanoic acid (15:0) and trans-palmitoleic acid (trans 16:1n−7) in 659 adults in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study1

Dependent variable n β ± SEM P value
15:0
 Model 12 659 0.002 ± 0.0005 0.001
 Model 23 646 0.002 ± 0.0005 0.002
 Model 34 646 0.002 ± 0.0005 0.0002
 Model 45 645 0.002 ± 0.0005 0.0001
trans 16:1n−7
 Model 12 659 −0.002 ± 0.0008 0.021
 Model 23 646 −0.002 ± 0.0009 0.07
 Model 34 646 −0.003 ± 0.0009 0.004
 Model 45 645 −0.003 ± 0.0009 0.004
1

Total dairy intake was defined as sum of whole milk; 2% milk; skim milk, 1%, or buttermilk; cottage and ricotta cheese; cheese; flavored yogurt (2%, nonfat, or whole); low-fat flavored yogurt (2% or nonfat); ice cream; frozen yogurt, ice milk; milk in coffee or tea; and cream or half-and-half in coffee or tea.

2

Model 1: total dairy intake adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity.

3

Model 2: additionally adjusted for physical activity and total energy intake.

4

Model 3: additionally adjusted for total hydrogenated food intake.

5

Model 4: additionally adjusted for BMI.