TABLE 3.
Risk factors of recalled morbidity in HIV-exposed, uninfected African infants in the Kesho Bora RCT by using generalized linear mixed models1
| Model 1 (breastfeeding as binary variable) |
Model 2 (5 modalities of infant feeding mode) |
|||||||
| 0–2.9 mo of age |
3–6 mo of age |
0–2.9 mo of age |
3–6 mo of age |
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| Values | P | Values | P | Values | P | Values | P | |
| Breastfeeding status | ||||||||
| Not breastfeeding | 1.31 (0.97, 1.75) | 0.075 | 1.21 (0.90, 1.62) | 0.20 | — | — | — | — |
| Breastfeeding | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Feeding mode | ||||||||
| PBF | — | — | — | — | 0.99 (0.67, 1.47) | >0.20 | 0.74 (0.43, 1.27) | >0.20 |
| Partial breastfeeding | — | — | — | — | 1.41 (0.89, 2.24) | 0.15 | 0.73 (0.47, 1.15) | 0.17 |
| Weaned | — | — | — | — | 1.29 (0.84, 1.99) | >0.20 | 0.95 (0.62, 1.44) | >0.20 |
| Never breastfeeding | — | — | — | — | 1.49 (1.01, 2.19) | 0.042 | 1.03 (0.64, 1.67) | >0.20 |
| EBF | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Cotrimoxazole | ||||||||
| Yes | 0.85 (0.48, 1.50) | >0.20 | 0.75 (0.50, 1.12) | 0.16 | 0.88 (0.50, 1.56) | >0.20 | 0.74 (0.48, 1.13) | 0.17 |
| No | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | |
| Maternal education | ||||||||
| None | 0.92 (0.57, 1.49) | >0.20 | 1.06 (0.69, 1.63) | >0.20 | 0.94 (0.58, 1.52) | >0.20 | 1.06 (0.69, 1.64) | >0.20 |
| Primary | 1.27 (0.92, 1.75) | 0.15 | 1.27 (0.95, 1.69) | 0.10 | 1.28 (0.93, 1.78) | 0.13 | 1.27 (0.95, 1.69) | 0.10 |
| Secondary | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Economic level | ||||||||
| First tertile | 1.35 (0.96, 1.89) | 0.086 | 1.07 (0.79, 1.44) | >0.20 | 1.35 (0.96, 1.90) | 0.082 | 1.06 (0.79, 1.43) | >0.20 |
| Second tertile | 1.06 (0.75, 1.51) | >0.20 | 1.07 (0.79, 1.44) | >0.20 | 1.06 (0.75, 1.50) | >0.20 | 1.07 (0.79, 1.44) | >0.20 |
| Third tertile | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — |
1
All values are ORs; 95% CIs in parentheses. Infectious morbidity comprised all episodes of diarrhea, fever, and vomiting. Infant feeding mode and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were time-dependent variables, defined at the end of each monthly interval. Events during the first 2 wk of life were not included. Model 1 included breastfeeding mode as a binary variable, whereas model 2 used infant feeding mode as a 5-modality variable. Both models were adjusted for study site and age interval. EBF, exclusive breastfeeding; PBF, predominant breastfeeding; RCT, randomized controlled trial.