TABLE 2—
Characteristics | Weighted Distribution of the Study Samplea (SE) | Annual Average Weighted Percentage of Receipt Mental Health Treatment (SE) | Unadjusted RR for Receipt of Mental Health Treatment (95% CI) |
Age, y | |||
18–25 | 36.7 (1.64) | 46.6 (1.79) | 0.8 (0.64, 0.99) |
26–50 | 40.7 (1.99) | 64.6 (3.51) | 1.1 (0.88, 1.38) |
> 51 | 22.6 (2.32) | 60.4 (4.99) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Gender | |||
Male | 41.9 (2.02) | 51.5 (3.13) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Female | 58.1 (2.02) | 60.5 (2.70) | 1.2 (1.02–1.48) |
Race/ethnicity | |||
Non-Hispanic White | 59.8 (1.93) | 65.8 (2.54) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 17.0 (1.40) | 39.7 (4.85) | 0.6 (0.47, 0.78) |
Non-Hispanic other | 8.2 (1.30) | 48.3 (8.04) | 0.7 (0.53, 1.03) |
Hispanic | 15.1 (1.35) | 44.4 (4.85) | 0.7 (0.54, 0.85) |
Education | |||
< high school | 24.4 (1.64) | 54.4 (3.79) | 1.0 (0.74, 1.31) |
High school graduate | 35.9 (1.84) | 54.8 (3.15) | 1.0 (0.75, 1.30) |
Some college | 26.4 (1.82) | 62.1 (3.97) | 1.1 (0.85, 1.48) |
College graduate | 13.4 (1.82) | 55.4 (7.14) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Health insurance | |||
Private only | 33.9 (1.98) | 56.0 (3.42) | 1.3 (1.04, 1.52) |
Medicare | 14.3 (1.12) | 67.6 (6.46) | 1.5 (1.19, 1.93) |
Medicaid only | 19.0 (1.54) | 64.8 (3.86) | 1.5 (1.21, 1.74) |
No insurance coverage | 25.9 (1.75) | 44.7 (3.47) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Other | 6.9 (1.03) | 60.8 (8.01) | 1.4 (1.01, 1.84) |
Employment status | |||
Full time | 30.3 (1.86) | 44.1 (3.40) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Part time | 17.3 (1.70) | 53.0 (5.38) | 1.2 (0.93, 1.55) |
Disabled for work | 19.6 (1.80) | 88.2 (3.32) | 2.0 (1.69, 2.37) |
Unemployed | 13.1 (0.99) | 44.6 (4.12) | 1.0 (0.80, 1.29) |
Other | 19.6 (1.65) | 55.8 (4.85) | 1.3 (1.01, 1.59) |
Family income, % federal poverty levelb | |||
< 100% | 31.2 (1.91) | 59.5 (3.53) | 1.0 (Ref) |
100%–199% | 25.4 (1.55) | 53.4 (3.98) | 0.9 (0.74, 1.08) |
≥ 200% | 42.8 (2.05) | 56.7 (3.23) | 1.0 (0.81, 1.12) |
Marital status | |||
Married | 27.1 (2.01) | 56.8 (4.80) | 1.1 (0.93, 1.36) |
Widowed | 3.2 (0.81) | 52.8 (12.86) | 1.0 (0.65, 1.70) |
Divorced/separated | 21.6 (1.88) | 71.2 (5.16) | 1.4 (1.20, 1.67) |
Never married | 48.1 (1.96) | 50.4 (2.20) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Metropolitan statistical area | |||
Yes | 82.8 (1.41) | 55.4 (2.32) | 0.9 (0.75, 1.03) |
No | 17.2 (1.41) | 63.1 (4.37) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Region | |||
Northeast | 17.8 (1.68) | 57.8 (4.70) | 1.1 (0.88, 1.43) |
Midwest | 24.2 (1.60) | 65.2 (3.36) | 1.3 (1.03, 1.56) |
South | 33.8 (1.80) | 53.8 (3.26) | 1.0 (0.84, 1.30) |
West | 24.2 (1.91) | 51.5 (4.89) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Hypertension | |||
Yes | 22.0 (1.93) | 61.9 (5.43) | 1.1 (0.93, 1.35) |
No | 78.0 (1.93) | 55.3 (2.08) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Heart disease | |||
Yes | 5.4 (1.17) | 71.9 (9.13) | 1.3 (0.99, 1.67) |
No | 94.6 (1.17) | 55.9 (2.05) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Diabetes | |||
Yes | 8.5 (1.34) | 62.5 (8.44) | 1.1 (0.85, 1.46) |
No | 91.5 (1.34) | 56.2 (2.06) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Asthma | |||
Yes | 18.3 (1.42) | 64.9 (4.02) | 1.2 (1.02, 1.37) |
No | 81.7 (1.42) | 54.9 (2.28) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Number of physical health conditions in the past year | |||
0 | 54.8 (2.01) | 53.1 (2.39) | 1.0 (Ref) |
1 | 32.0 (2.00) | 55.1 (3.96) | 1.0 (0.88, 1.23) |
≥ 2 | 13.2 (1.57) | 75.8 (4.95) | 1.4 (1.22, 1.67) |
Self-rated health | |||
Excellent | 12.1 (1.29) | 38.9 (5.38) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Very good | 23.2 (1.49) | 48.4 (3.48) | 1.2 (0.92, 1.69) |
Good | 31.1 (1.80) | 58.2 (3.34) | 1.5 (1.11, 2.01) |
Fair/poor | 33.6 (2.07) | 67.6 (4.17) | 1.7 (1.30, 2.33) |
Major depressive episode | |||
Yes | 28.6 (1.94) | 75.1 (2.15) | 2.1 (1.75, 2.41) |
No | 71.4 (1.94) | 36.3 (2.78) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Past year substance use disorder | |||
Illicit drug use disorder | 7.7 (0.95) | 68.2 (4.90) | 1.3 (1.06, 1.51) |
Alcohol use disorder | 15.8 (1.28) | 57.6 (4.07) | 1.1 (0.92, 1.29) |
Both illicit drug and alcohol use disorder | 11.4 (1.00) | 62.4 (4.22) | 1.2 (0.99, 1.40) |
None | 65.1 (1.79) | 54.2 (2.76) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Received substance use treatment | |||
Yes | 10.8 (1.27) | 85.5 (3.17) | 1.6 (1.47, 1.81) |
No | 89.2 (1.27) | 53.2 (2.12) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Had a suicide plan in the past year | |||
Yes | 79.5 (1.58) | 55.9 (2.29) | 0.9 (0.80, 1.09) |
No | 20.5 (1.58) | 59.8 (3.96) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Emergency room visits for any treatment in the past year | |||
None | 33.9 (1.94) | 36.1 (2.99) | 1.0 (Ref) |
1 | 24.4 (1.85) | 66.5 (3.93) | 1.8 (1.51, 2.25) |
2 | 16.1 (1.30) | 54.2 (4.06) | 1.5 (1.21, 1.87) |
≥ 3 | 25.6 (2.00) | 75.7 (3.66) | 2.1 (1.71, 2.48) |
Received medical attention as a result of suicide attempt | |||
Yes | 60.3 (1.86) | 67.7 (2.95) | 1.7 (1.45, 1.96) |
No | 39.7 (1.86) | 40.1 (2.48) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Perceived unmet need for mental health treatment | |||
Yes | 38.0 (1.85) | 74.6 (2.33) | 1.6 (1.43, 1.85) |
No | 62.0 (1.85) | 45.8 (2.70) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Number of times arrested or booked in the past year | |||
0 | 82.1 (1.46) | 55.0 (2.26) | 1.0 (Ref) |
1 | 9.3 (1.10) | 59.4 (6.04) | 1.1 (0.87, 1.34) |
≥ 2 | 6.5 (0.90) | 71.4 (5.55) | 1.3 (1.09, 1.54) |
Unknown | 2.1 (0.50) | 66.6 (9.54) | 1.2 (0.91, 1.62) |
Survey year | |||
2008 | 19.2 (1.68) | 62.7 (4.26) | 1.2 (0.95, 1.42) |
2009 | 18.3 (1.53) | 61.5 (4.30) | 1.1 (0.94, 1.40) |
2010 | 19.8 (1.65) | 52.6 (4.79) | 1.0 (0.77, 1.24) |
2011 | 20.0 (1.70) | 54.1 (4.74) | 1.0 (0.80, 1.26) |
2012 | 22.7 (1.60) | 54.0 (4.18) | 1.0 (Ref) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; RR = risk ratio. Annual average percentages, unadjusted analyses. The sample size was n = 2000.
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration requires that any description of overall sample sizes based on the restricted-use data files has to be rounded to the nearest 100, which intends to minimize potential disclosure risk.
Federal poverty level according to the US Census Bureau's poverty thresholds for the corresponding year.