TABLE 2—
Bivariate and Multivariable Survey Logistic Regression to Examine Screening and Access to Health Care as Predictors of Medication Continuity in US Prisons: 2004 Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities
| Variable | Bivariate Model: Medication Use at Admission and in Prison (Continuity), OR (95% CI) | Multivariable Model: Medication Use at Admission and in Prison (Continuity), OR (95% CI) |
| Access to and use of medical treatment in prison | ||
| Saw a health care professional at any point while incarcerated | 1.20 (0.95, 1.52) | 1.36* (1.06, 1.75) |
| Screened about health or medical history | 1.49** (1.17, 1.89) | 1.17 (0.89, 1.55) |
| Mental health conditionsa | ||
| Depression (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Mania | 1.18 (0.92, 1.52) | . . . |
| Schizophrenia | 1.79*** (1.34, 2.40) | 2.26*** (1.50, 3.40) |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder | 1.24 (0.90, 1.70) | . . . |
| Anxiety | 0.96 (0.72, 1.26) | . . . |
| Personality disorders | 1.17 (0.83, 1.65) | . . . |
| Other mental health disorders | 1.08 (0.59, 1.98) | . . . |
| Race | ||
| Non-Hispanic White (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.05*** (1.26, 1.79) | 1.36* (1.05, 1.78) |
| Non-Hispanic other | 1.17 (0.94, 1.45) | 1.02 (0.66, 1.58) |
| Hispanic | 0.95 (0.71, 1.28) | 0.92 (0.68, 1.25) |
| Sex (male) | 0.87 (0.76, 1.03) | 0.94 (0.75, 1.18) |
| Age | 1.03*** (1.02, 1.04) | 1.02*** (1.02, 1.04) |
| Time served | 0.98 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.97* (0.95, 0.99) |
| State institution | 0.87 (0.72, 1.07) | 0.96 (0.73, 1.26) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. The sample comprised all prisoners who reported having taken medication at the time of admission to the facility (n = 3718).
a
Because of the low prevalence of several mental health conditions, multivariable analyses were conducted for only schizophrenia and depression (reference). All other analyses were not related to treatment continuity; therefore, only bivariate analyses for rare mental health conditions are presented here.
*P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001