TABLE 2—
Adjusted Odds Ratios for Lifetime Chronic Medical Conditions by SPD: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, United States, 2008–2010
| Model Fit Statistics |
|||
| Medical Condition | SPD,a OR (95% CI) | Squared Residualsb | Goodness of Fitc |
| Asthma | 1.61** (1.49, 1.75) | −1.79 | 0.81 |
| Sinusitis | 1.87** (1.71, 2.04) | −1.12 | 1.32 |
| Bronchitis | 1.69** (1.51, 1.89) | 1.29 | 1.29 |
| Pneumonia | 1.67** (1.48, 1.91) | 1.40 | 1.62 |
| Lung cancer | 0.73 (0.37, 1.43) | 0.68 | 3.35* |
| Diabetes | 1.42** (1.23, 1.63) | −0.33 | 0.70 |
| Heart disease | 1.35* (1.14, 1.60) | 0.66 | 2.48 |
| Hypertension | 1.36** (1.25, 1.47) | −1.90 | 1.59 |
| Stroke | 1.45 (0.95, 2.20) | 0.85 | 1.77 |
| Pancreatitis | 1.90* (1.33, 2.72) | 0.39 | 0.67 |
| Cirrhosis | 2.16* (1.25, 3.75) | 1.43 | 1.59 |
| Ulcers | 1.89** (1.62, 2.19) | 0.59 | 1.16 |
| Sleep apnea | 3.12** (2.73, 3.57) | −0.17 | 0.40 |
| Tinnitus | 1.8** (1.33, 2.45) | 0.34 | 0.90 |
| Medical multimorbidity | |||
| ≥ 2 medical conditions | 1.98** (1.84, 2.14) | −0.03 | 1.18 |
| ≥ 3 medical conditions | 2.47** (2.18, 2.80) | −0.04 | 1.07 |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; SPD = severe psychological distress. Analyses are based on the full analytic sample of 110 455 participants in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health aggregated across survey years 2008, 2009, and 2010. ORs shown are adjusted for the following covariates: age; gender; race/ethnicity; marital status; education level; employment status; poverty level; insurance coverage over the past 3 years; past-year abuse or dependence on alcohol, marijuana, or any other illicit drug; and past month dependence on nicotine. The reference category is no past-year severe psychological distress.
Based on a score of ≥ 13 on the K6 screening scale indicating severe psychological distress associated with a high likelihood of a serious mental illness and at least moderate functional impairment.
Reflects a t test of the squared residuals term after fitting the model and obtaining estimated residual scores. Significance indicates unexplained residual variance and possible nonlinear effects.
Based on a the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test using deciles of risk and evaluated by an F(9,52). Significance indicates possible misfit.
*P < .01; **P < .001.