TABLE 1—
Variable | Mean (SD) or % |
Health outcomes | |
Anxiety (BSI subscale, asked of all) | 8.53 (6.89) |
Trauma (IES–R, asked if stopped in the past year) | 3.49 (2.58) |
Race/ethnicity | |
White | 20 |
Black | 30 |
Hispanic | 35 |
Other or unknown | 15 |
Respondent age, y | 22.03 (2.50) |
Education | |
Did not complete high school | 12 |
High school graduate only | 31 |
Some college or technical training | 37 |
College graduate or more | 19 |
Public housing residents | 13 |
Self-reported criminal activity | 0.32 (0.75) |
Experience with the police | |
Ever stopped | 85 |
Number of stops in lifetime | 8.64 (17.86) |
Stopped past year | 46 |
Perceived procedural justice, global | 17.84 (6.23) |
Critical stop experience, asked if stopped in the past year | |
Perceived procedural justice, critical encounter | 28.57 (13.40) |
Intrusion scale | 3.43 (2.38) |
Note. BSI = Brief Symptom Inventory; IES–R = Impact of Event Scale–Revised. Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding.