Table 2.
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of 14C-Voclosporin Following Single or Repeat (QD for 7 Days) Dose of Mixed Nanomicellar Voclosporin Formulation in Female New Zealand Albino Rabbits
| Ocular Tissue(s)/Fluids & Blood |
Cmax (ng eq./g) | AUC (hr* ng eq./g) | Tmax (hr) | t1/2 (hr) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD | RD | Ratio | SD | RD | Ratio | SD | RD | SD | RD | |
| Aqueous Humor | 6 | 13 | 2.3 | 45 | 96 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 14 |
| Choroid/Retina | 48 | 76 | 1.6 | 472 | 897 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 2 | 23 | - |
| Cornea | 1203 | 3382 | 2.8 | 23166 | 54624 | 2.4 | 8.0 | 0.5 | - | - |
| Iris/Ciliary body | 20 | 119 | 5.8 | 382 | 1952 | 5.1 | 24.0 | 1 | - | - |
| Lacrimal Gland | 31 | 120 | 3.9 | 416 | 1109 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 4 | - | 6 |
| Lens | 4 | 26 | 6.7 | 47 | 356 | 7.5 | 24.0 | 0.5 | - | - |
| Lower Bulbar | 1810 | 2929 | 1.6 | 12029 | 16585 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 10 | 7 |
| Conjunctiva Lower Eyelid | 20814 | 41635 | 2.0 | 207630 | 358791 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.5 | - | - |
| Nictitating membrane | 1716 | 2468 | 1.4 | 12135 | 15964 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 7 | 8 |
| Optic Nerve | 83 | 164 | 2.0 | 569 | 1805 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 16 |
| Sclera | 223 | 367 | 1.6 | 2646 | 3825 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 16 |
| Submandibular | 74 | 120 | 1.6 | 893 | 1190 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 2 | - | - |
| Lymph Node Tear | 20246 | 30904 | 1.5 | 168259 | 230878 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 7 |
| Upper Bulbar | 2235 | 3170 | 1.4 | 14782 | 19944 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 7 | 7 |
| Conjunctiva Upper Eyelid | 9896 | 17500 | 1.8 | 114651 | 98656 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 | - | 4 |
| Vitreous Humor | 2 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 23 | 0.9 | 8.0 | 4 | - | - |
| Blood | BQL | BQL | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Time needed to achieve peak IOP increase.
Duration of IOP increase response (the time interval needed for the IOP to return to its normal pretreatment value).
Approximate values calculated from the slope ln (% increase in IOP)/Δt for the terminal points of % increase in IOPt versus t curves.
Ratio of AUC to the value for the commercial DEX (0.1, w/v, %) eye drops.
Statistically significant difference as compared with commercial DEX (0.1, w/v, %) eye drops (p < 0.05).
SD = Single dose;
RD = Repeat dose;
Ratio = Repeat dose/Single Dose.;
- = Insufficient tissue concentration to determine t1/2;
BQL = Below Quantifiable Limit (<0.1 ng/mL);
NC = Not calculated.