Table 4.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels (median and IQR) and intrathecal synthesis of anti-Epstein Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), other inflammatory neurological disorders (OIND) and noninflammatory neurological disorders (NIND)
| Anti-EBNA-1 IgG | Anti-VCA IgG | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSF levels (AU) | Serum levels (AU) | AI >1.5 | CSF levels (AU) | Serum levels (AU) | AI >1.5 | |
| Median; IQR | Median; IQR | n/total (%) | Median; IQR | Median; IQR | n/total (%) | |
| Total RRMS (n = 100) | 79.4; 37.5 to 174.3a | 52,056; 23,274 to 94,815c, d | 6/100 (6%) | 36.4; 0.0 to 74.2 | 18962; 10659 to 46669 | 2/100 (2%) |
| CA RRMS (n = 77) | 74.8; 38.2 to 167.7 | 41,783; 21,479 to 83,254 | 4/77 (5.2%) | 41.9; 0.0 to 83.1 | 22546; 12433 to 51763 | 0/77 (0%) |
| CS RRMS (n = 23) | 100.4; 51.0 to 272.7 | 59833; 36072 to 261044 | 2/23 (8.7%) | 21.1; 0.0 to 59.9 | 14240; 6632 to 32515 | 2/23 (8.7%) |
| Gd + RRMS (n = 37) | 90.4; 36.7 to 238.7 | 39325; 21479 to 105629 | 3/37 (8.1%) | 23.7; 0.0 to 60.9 | 16836; 12476 to 37484 | 0/37 (0%) |
| Gd- RRMS (n = 63) | 79.4; 43.3 to 139.0 | 53092; 27500 to 84551 | 3/63 (4.8%) | 38.9; 0.0 to 85.1 | 21335; 10036 to 47672 | 2/63 (3.4%) |
| OIND (n = 100) | 73.1; 31.0 to 151.6b | 23503; 10386 to 44089 | 6/100 (6%) | 82.7; 30.3 to 294.1e, f | 29938; 8846 to 65475 | 5/100 (5%) |
| NIND (n = 100) | 49.7; 15.9 to 118.9 | 24383; 7252 to 54754 | 2/100 (2%) | 39.1; 0.0 to 130.8 | 28056; 12281 to 53124 | 1/100 (1%) |
CSF anti-EBNA-1 IgG levels (Mann- Whitney with Bonferroni correction): aMS versus NIND (p <0.01); bOIND versus NIND (p <0.05). Serum anti-EBNA-1 IgG levels (Mann- Whitney with Bonferroni correction): cMS versus OIND (p <0.0001); dMS versus NIND (p <0.0001). CSF anti-VCA IgG levels (Mann- Whitney with Bonferroni correction): eOIND versus MS (p <0.0001); fOIND versus NIND (p <0.01). AI >1.5, antibody index abnormal values indicative of EBV-specific intrathecal synthesis; AU, arbitrary units; CA, clinically active (presence of relapse at entry); CS, clinically stable (absence of relapse at entry); Gd +, appearance of gadolium enhancing lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Gd- , no evidence of gadolium enhancing on MRI; IQR, Interquartile Range; MS, multiple sclerosis; NIND, noninflammatory neurological diseases; OIND, other inflammatory neurological diseases.