Figure 5.

Minimum spanning network reconstruction based only on the three Y chromosomal microsatellites. It was manually drawn by minimization of the number of mutations between haplotypes. The three numbers in boxes refer to the different haplotypes at microsatellites UMN0304, UMN113, and INRA189, respectively, as described in van Hooft et al. [41]. Our dataset was standardized and pooled with the data of van Hooft et al. [41] that were absent from our sampling, i.e. (4, 3, 4), (4, 3, 7), (4, 3, 1), (6, 3, 1), (6, 3, 9), (5, 4, 5), (5, 4, 7), (5, 6, 7), (5, 5, 5), (2, 2, 0) and (3, 4, 8) from the Kruger and Hluhluwe-iMfolozi PAs. Numbers on the branches indicate the minimum number of mutations (when absent, only one mutation was observed between haplogroups). Box colours refer to the three clusters identified with the autosomal microsatellites using STRUCTURE software. The three most frequent haplogroups were (2, 2, 3), (5, 5, 7) and (4, 3, 6) (see Table 2).