. 2014 Autumn;13(4):1263–1277.

Table 5.

Protective effects of different pistachios extracts against cumene hydroperoxideand glyoxal induced mitochondrial membrane potential decline

Percent of M itochondrial membrane potential decline (%ΔΨm)			Addition
60 min	30 min	15 min	Addition
6 ± 1	4 ± 1	2 ± 1	control
36 ± 2 ^a	24 ± 3 ^a	19 ± 2 ^a	+cumene hydroperoxide (120 µM)
10 ± 1^b	6 ± 1^b	2 ± 1^b	+cyclosporine (2 mM)
23 ± 2^b	14 ± 1^b	9 ± 1^b	+pistachios ethyl acetate extract (150 µg/mL)
16 ± 2^b	9 ± 1^b	6 ± 1^b	+pistachios methanolic extract (150 µg/mL)
21 ± 2^b	12 ± 2^b	6 ± 1^b	+pistachios water extract (150 µg/mL)
25 ± 2^b	16 ± 2^b	10 ± 2^b	+α-tochoferol(100 μM)
24 ± 2^b	14 ± 2^b	8 ± 1^b	+gallic acid (100 μM)
22 ± 2^b	13 ± 1^b	7 ± 1^b	+catechin (5 mM)
26 ± 2 ^a	20 ± 2 ^a	16 ± 2 ^a	+glyoxal (5 mM)
10 ± 2^b	7 ± 1^b	3 ± 1^b	+cyclosporine (2 mM)
19 ± 2^b	15 ± 2^b	7 ± 1^b	+pistachios ethyl acetate extract (150 µg/mL)
13 ± 2^b	10 ± 2^b	4 ± 1^b	+pistachios methanolic extract (150 µg/mL)
16 ± 2^b	11 ± 2^b	5 ± 1^b	+pistachios water extract (150 µg/mL)
20 ± 2^b	16 ± 1^b	8 ± 1^b	+α-tochoferol(100 μM)
18 ± 2^b	14 ± 2^b	7 ± 1^b	+gallic acid(100 μM)
17 ± 2^b	13 ± 2^b	6 ± 1^b	+catechin (5 mM)

Hepatocytes (10⁶cells/mL) were incubated in Krebs–Henseleit buffer pH 7.4 at 37^◦C for 1.0 h following the addition of EC50_2h of cumene hydroperoxide and glyoxal. Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined as the difference in mitochondrial uptake of the rhodamine 123 between control and treated cells and expressed as fluorescence intensity unit. Our data were shown as the percentage of mitochondrial membrane potential collapse (%ΔΨm) in all treated (test) hepatocyte groups (Andersson et al., 1987).

Values are expressed as mean±SD of three separate experiments (n=5).

Significant difference in comparison with control hepatocytes (P < 0.05).

Significant difference in comparison with cumene hydroperoxide or glyoxal treated hepatocytes (P < 0.05).