. 2014 Autumn;13(4):1263–1277.

Table 7.

Protective effects of different pistachios extracts against cumene hydroperoxide and glyoxal induced protein carbonylation

Protein Carbonylation ( nmol/10 ⁶ cells )			Addition
3 h	2 h	1 h	Addition
12 ± 2	13 ± 2	10 ± 1	control
189 ± 7^a	204 ± 13^a	195 ± 11^a	+cumene hydroperoxide (120 µM)
26 ± 2^b	22 ± 2^b	24 ± 2^b	+penicillamine (5 mM)
149 ± 4^b	151 ± 5^b	132 ± 4^b	+pistachios ethyl acetate extract (150 µg/mL)
128 ± 6^b	110 ± 4^b	117 ± 7^b	+pistachios methanolic extract (150 µg/mL)
136 ± 4^b	122 ± 8^b	126 ± 4^b	+pistachios water extract (150 µg/mL)
151 ± 4^b	159 ± 3^b	133 ± 4^b	+α-tochoferol (100 µM)
139 ± 5^b	127 ± 4^b	129 ± 3^b	+gallic acid (100µM)
130 ± 6^b	115±5^b	119 ± 4^b	+catechin(5 mM)
336 ± 11^a	348 ± 9^a	323 ± 8^a	+glyoxal (5 mM)
15 ± 2^b	19 ± 2^b	18 ± 1^b	+penicillamine (5 mM)
146 ± 9^b	148 ± 5^b	142 ± 4^b	+pistachios ethyl acetate extract (150 µg/mL)
133 ± 4^b	138 ± 4^b	124 ± 7^b	+pistachios methanolic extract (150 µg/mL)
142 ± 5^b	145 ± 6^b	132 ± 4^b	+pistachios water extract (150 µg/mL)
148 ± 4^b	150 ± 5^b	144 ± 4^b	+α-tochoferol (100 µM)
145± 8^b	148 ± 5^b	137 ± 7^b	+gallic acid (100 µM)
135 ± 4^b	139 ± 4^b	125 ± 3^b	+catechin (5 mM)

Hepatocytes (10⁶cells/mL) were incubated in Krebs–Henseleit buffer pH 7.4 at 37 ^◦C for 3.0 h following the addition of EC50_2h of cumene hydroperoxide and glyoxal. Protein carbonylation was measured as DNPH-derivatized samples as nM concentration/10⁶cells (Hartley et al., 1997).

Values are expressed as mean±SD of three separate experiments (n=5).

Significant difference in comparison with control hepatocytes (P < 0.05).

Significant difference in comparison with cumene hydroperoxideor glyoxal treated hepatocytes (P < 0.05).