Fig. 3.

A: impact of up- or down-conditioning on right and left hip heights: average left and right hip heights (±SE) before and immediately after conditioning and at the end of data collection. Up-conditioning produced a persistent increase in right hip height (**P < 0.01 vs. before, Tukey test). Down-conditioning did not significantly decrease right hip height or increase the difference between left and right hip heights. B: average right and left leg positions during the stance phase of locomotion before and immediately after up-conditioning and 105 days later in a representative HRup rat. Up-conditioning increases right ankle angle and right (and left) hip height, and these changes persist. (The rat is walking toward the right; A, K, and H indicate ankle, knee, and hip angles, respectively.)