Fig. 2.

Early life and continued exposure of mice to PFOA alone induces airway hyperresponsiveness. Lung function was assessed in mice that were exposed to PFOA or PFOS. Airway mechanics were assessed after inhalation of nebulized saline and increasing concentrations of methacholine (MCh, 3–50 mg/ml). MCh dose-response curve for Newtonian resistance (Rn) (A), tissue damping (G, C), and tissue elastance (H, D) are plotted for each group. B: central or conducting airway sensitivity to MCh was measured by calculating provocative concentration of MCh needed to elicit 100% increase in Rn (PC100). Significant difference from the chemical-naïve was determined by 2-way ANOVA, and statistical difference compared with the chemical-naïve control was denoted P < 0.05 (*), P < 0.01(**), and P < 0.001(***). Error bars represent means ± SE. The no. of animals studied in each group was 8–10.