Table 1.
Clinical and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid characteristics of patients included in the study. Data are shown as median (min–max)
| qIPCR | ELISPOT | Flow cytometry | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Löfgren patients DR3+ | Löfgren patients DR3– | Non-Löfgren patients | Healthy controls | Löfgren patients | Non-Löfgren patients | Löfgren patients | Non-Löfgren patients | |
| Patients' characteristics | ||||||||
| Number of individuals | 12 | 11 | 13 | 12 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 2† |
| Sex (male/female) | 9/3 | 7/4 | 12/1 | 7/5 | 10/5 | 11/2 | 1/2 | 2/0 |
| Age (years) | 33 (30–55) | 39 (30–57) | 51 (32–69) | 24 (21–35) | 39 (30–55) | 47 (32/66) | 35 (30–48) | 47 (42–52) |
| Smoking (yes/ex/never) | 0/6/6 | 1/4/6 | 1/4/8 | 0/0/12 | 2/6/5/2 | 2/2/9 | 2/0/1 | 0/0/2 |
| Chest X-ray stage (0/I/II/III/IV/n.d.)‡ | 0/4/5/0/0/3 | 0/5/3/0/0/3 | 0/3/5/0/1/4 | _ | 0/9/5/0/0/1 | 0/5/6/0/1/1 | 0/1/1/0/0/1 | 0/0/1/0/0/1 |
| HLA (DR3+/DR3–/n.d.) | 12/0 | 0/10/1 | 2/8/3 | 1/10/1 | 8/7 | 3/8/2 | 2/1 | 0/1/1 |
| Pulmonary function tests§ | ||||||||
| VC (% of predicted) | 90 (79–123) | 87 (57–101) | 75 (66–115) | – | 90 (79–117) | 83·5 (66–107) | 96 (89–103) | 67·5 (62–78) |
| FEV1 (% of predicted) | 92** (66–111) | 93** (73–102) | 87*** (53–107) | 114 (86–130) | 90 (66–111) | 90 (53–107) | 94 (89–99) | 63 (60–66) |
| DLCO (% of predicted) | 93·5 (58–139) | 93 (75–112) | 88 (61–110) | – | 97 (58–139) | 80 (61–110) | 85·5 (84–87) | 76·5 (60–93) |
| BAL differential cell counts | ||||||||
| % Macrophages | 71·9* (38·6–94) | 76 (42·6–95·4) | 66* (39·7–84·6) | 86·7 (66·2–97·2) | 72·2 (38·6–95·4) | 59 (39·7–84·6) | 77·2 (60–84·6) | 82·4 (78·2–86·6) |
| % Lymphocytes | 25·4* (5·8–59·8) | 22 (4–56·4) | 27·6* (14·2–58·2) | 10·9 (2·4–28·4) | 24·6 (4–59·8) | 29·6 (14·6–56·7) | 21·4 (13·2–39·6) | 16·3 (12·4–20·2) |
| % Neutrophils | 1 (0–2·6) | 1 (0·2–4) | 1 (0–19·5) | 1·5 (0·2–5) | 1 (0·4–5·8) | 1·7 (0·6–19·5) | 1·2 (0·2–1·4) | 1·2 (0·8–1·6) |
| % Eosinophils | 0·2 (0–0·8) | 0·2 (0–1·6) | 0·6 (0–2·9) | 0·2 (0–1·4) | 0·2 (0–1·4) | 0·4 (0–2·9) | 0·2 (0·2–0·8) | 0 |
| T cell markers | ||||||||
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 10·95*** (0·9–26) | 8* (1·4–17) | 5·1* (2–21) | 1·7 (0·9–5·2) | 7·3 (1·9–26·4) | 9·6 (2–25) | 4·8 (4–8·6) | 6·6 (3·6–9·6) |
| %TCR AV2S3+ CD4 cells | 34·5**** (15–47) | 2·9 (1·6–9·9) | 3·4 (1·8–10) | 3·7 (1·6–5·6) | 16 (1·6–50–4) | 6·2 (1·7–22) | 11 (7·5–35) | 3·8 (3·2–4·5) |
P < 0·05 versus healthy controls.
P < 0·01 versus healthy controls.
P < 0·001 versus healthy controls.
P < 0·001 versus all three groups.
In this group we have two BAL and two blood samples from three different individuals.
Stage 0 = normal; stage I = bilateral hilar lymphoma (BHL); stage II = BHL with parenchymal infiltrates; stage III = parenchymal infiltrates; stage IV = fibrotic changes and volume reduction.
DLCO = diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 s; VC = vital capacity; qIPCR = quantitative immuno-polymerase chain reaction; HLA = human leucocyte antigen; ELISPOT = enzyme-linked immunospot assay; n.d. = not done.