Table 1.

Sample Characteristics

Gender (% female)	50.0
Age (M, SD)	70.33, 9.09
Rural (%)	50.0
Marital Status (%)
Married	70.5
Widowed	25.0
Divorced/separated	2.0
Single	2.5
Educational achievement (%)
None	15.3
Primary School	43.5
Lower Secondary School	15.6
Upper Secondary or Vocational	17.6
College or Higher	8.1
Material Hardship (M, SD)	3.45, 2.24
Number of Diseases (M, SD)	3.71, 2.47
ADL Assistance (M, SD)	4.37, 5.41
Pain* (M, SD)	0.49, 2.23
Emotional Support from Children and Friends (M, SD)	18.33, 4.20

^*the summed pain variable is z-scored