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Activation of the jaw closer muscles (expressed as a percentage of their maximum force) during molar crushing. The muscles responsible for molar occlusion (group 1, see text) activate during the fast closing stage and maintain a high force during the slow closing phase. The muscles responsible for stabilizing the retracted working side mandibular condyle (group 2, see text) activate at the beginning and then peak at the midpoint of the slow closing phase. (Online version in colour.)
