Table 1.

Phosphate concentration (mg kg^–1 d. wt) within seedlings of Phragmites australis exposed to 0 and 0·1 mg l^–1 Al, with iron, manganese or no plaque on roots

	No aluminium			Aluminium
	No plaque	Fe plaque	Mn plaque	No plaque	Fe plaque	Mn plaque
DCB	0·64 × 103 ± 0·08 × 103 a	1·4 × 103 ± 0·20 × 103 c	0·91 × 103 ± 0·05 × 103 ab	1·7 × 103 ± 0·19 × 103 c	4·2 × 103 ± 0·21 × 103 d	1·3 × 103 ± 0·18 × 103 bc
Root	10·7 × 103 ± 0·76 × 103 abc	7·9 × 103 ± 0·33 × 103 ab	7·8 × 103 ± 1·9 × 103 a	14·0 × 103 ± 0·49 × 103 c	6·1 × 103 ± 0·93 × 103 a	16·1 × 103 ± 3·2 × 103 c
Shoot	3·5 × 103 ± 0·02 × 103 a	4·3 × 103 ± 0·21 × 103 b	4·3 × 103 ± 0·20 × 103 b	4·4 × 103 ± 0·15 × 103 b	4·6 × 103 ± 0·11 × 103 b	4·3 × 103 ± 0·19 × 103 b

Data are means ± s.e., n = 3.

Different superscript letters in a row indicate a significant difference at P = 0·05.