Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Population at Randomization (Intention-to-Treat Analysis)
| Characteristic | Low UTI Risk, n = 412 | High UTI Risk, n = 516* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cranberry, n = 205 | Placebo, n = 207 | Cranberry, n = 253 | Placebo, n = 263 | |
| Sociodemographic | ||||
| Female, n/N (%) | 143/205 (69.8) | 159/207 (76.8) | 188/253 (74.3) | 213/263 (81.0) |
| Age, n, median (IQR) | 205, 84.0 (78.5–88.5) | 207, 83.0 (79.0–88.0) | 253, 85.0 (79.0–89.0) | 263, 84.0 (79.0–88.0) |
| Length of stay, months, n, median (IQR) | 204, 18.0 (4.0–42.0) | 205, 19.0 (4.0–39.0) | 251, 17.0 (6.0–41.0) | 263, 19.0 (6.0–39.0) |
| Family informed consent, n/N (%) | 180/205 (87.8) | 185/207 (89.4) | 205/253 (81.0) | 212/263 (80.6) |
| Functioning | ||||
| 15-item Care Dependency Scale score (range 15–75), n, median (IQR) | 199, 42.0 (30.0–56.0) | 197, 45.0 (30.5–55.0) | 244, 44.0 (31.0–56.0) | 250, 43.0 (30.0–56.0) |
| Cranberry use before start of study, n/N (%) | 3/196 (1.5) | 6/202 (3.0) | 18/248 (7.3) | 22/253 (8.7) |
| Urinary incontinence, n/N (%) | 138/198 (69.7) | 136/199 (68.3) | 152/247 (61.5) | 157/246 (63.8) |
| Urinary catheter, n/N (%) | 0/205 (0.0) | 0/207 (0.0) | 49/253 (19.4) | 47/263 (17.9) |
| Infections in past 12 months | ||||
| Urinary tract infection, n/N (%) | 0/205 (0.0) | 0/207 (0.0) | 203/253 (80.2) | 200/263 (76.0) |
| Number of UTIs in past 12 months, n, median (IQR) | – | – | 202, 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 199, 2.0 (1.0–2.0) |
| Antibiotics for UTI suppression, n/N (%) | 0/196 (0.0) | 1/202 (0.5) | 3/248 (1.2) | 5/253 (2.0) |
| Lower respiratory tract infection, n/N (%) | 35/200 (17.5) | 35/204 (17.2) | 47/249 (18.9) | 54/259 (20.8) |
| Other infection, n/N (%) | 21/200 (10.5) | 24/204 (11.8) | 38/248 (15.3) | 33/255 (12.9) |
| Comorbidities, n/N (%) | ||||
| Renal dysfunction | 20/201 (10.0) | 16/206 (7.8) | 37/252 (14.7) | 34/262 (13.0) |
| Urogenital surgery | 40/200 (20.0) | 45/203 (22.2) | 50/253 (19.8) | 66/262 (25.2) |
| Myocardial infarction | 14/203 (6.9) | 17/205 (8.3) | 25/252 (9.9) | 25/262 (9.5) |
| Stroke | 38/204 (18.6) | 33/205 (16.1) | 64/251 (25.5) | 76/261 (29.1) |
| Cancer | 38/202 (18.8) | 42/203 (20.7) | 42/252 (16.7) | 48/259 (18.5) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0/205 (0.0) | 0/207 (0.0) | 79/253 (31.2) | 103/263 (39.2) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 36/203 (17.7) | 26/199 (13.1) | 40/250 (16.0) | 32/256 (12.5) |
| Dementia | 162/199 (81.4) | 177/207 (85.5) | 174/250 (69.6) | 187/261 (71.6) |
IQR = interquartile range; UTI = urinary tract infection.
*
Diabetes mellitus or urinary catheter or treated urinary tract infection in past 12 months.