Table 2.
Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), According to Two Definitions, Depending on Treatment with Cranberry for Different Definitions and UTI Risk During 12 Months of Follow-Up
| UTI Risk | Events, n | Person-Days at Risk | Incidence Per 100 Person Years at Risk (95% CI) | Risk Difference (95% CI) | Treatment Effect, Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cranberry | Placebo | Cranberry | Placebo | Cranberry | Placebo | ||||
| Lowa | |||||||||
| Clinicalb | 59 | 51 | 53,498 | 55,806 | 40.3 (30.0–50.5) | 33.4 (24.2–42.5) | 6.9 (−6.9–20.7) | 1.22 (0.84–1.77) | .30 |
| Strictc | 17 | 16 | 58,888 | 61,812 | 10.5 (5.5–15.5) | 9.4 (4.8–14.1) | 1.1 (−5.7–7.9) | 1.11 (0.56–2.20) | .76 |
| Highd | |||||||||
| Clinical | 98 | 125 | 56,989 | 53,783 | 62.8 (50.3–75.2) | 84.8 (70.0–99.7) | −22.0 (−(41.4 to −2.7) | 0.74 (0.57–0.97) | .03 |
| Strict | 45 | 46 | 64,888 | 68,248 | 25.3 (17.9–32.7) | 24.6 (17.5–31.7) | 0.7 (−9.5–11.0) | 1.02 (0.68–1.55) | .91 |
| High without long-term cathetere | |||||||||
| Clinical | 71 | 99 | 47,569 | 44,382 | 54.5 (41.8–67.2) | 81.4 (65.4–97.5) | −26.9 (−47.4 to −6.5) | 0.67 (0.49–0.91) | .01 |
| Strict | 31 | 39 | 53,585 | 55,775 | 21.1 (13.7–28.5) | 25.5 (17.5–33.5) | −4.4 (−15.3–6.5) | 0.83 (0.52–1.33) | .43 |
CI, confidence interval.
a
Cranberry, n = 205; placebo, n = 207.
b
Symptom or positive testing (nitrite test, leukocyte esterase test, dipslide or culture) or antibiotic treatment or UTI reported in the medical record.
c
Symptom and positive dipslide or culture.
d
Cranberry, n = 253; placebo, n = 263.
e
Cranberry, n = 204; placebo, n = 216.