Figure 3.

Plasma cortisol response (ng/ml) in a stress reactivity test: initial values (I) and reaction values (R 1-4) of domestic guinea pigs and wild cavies during early (A) and late (B) adolescence. Bar charts represent medians and “X”s represent single individuals. N_domestic = 10, N_wild = 8 (early adolescence) and N_wild = 7 (late adolescence); ** = p ≤ 0.01; *** = p ≤ 0.001. Comparison of guinea pig and cavy values was done with Mann-Whitney-U tests whereas development of cortisol values over time within guinea pigs and cavies was analysed with Friedman-tests and Kendall’s W for effect sizes. Friedman tests revealed a significant increase in cortisol values from I to the reaction values in both groups during both phases of adolescence. Guinea pigs: χ² = 35.1, df = 4, p ≤ 0.001, W: 0.878 (early adolescence); χ² = 34.96, df = 4, p ≤ 0.001, W: 0.874 (late adolescence). Cavies: χ² = 21.8, df = 4, p ≤ 0.001, W: 0.681 (early adolescence); χ² = 20.1, df = 4, p ≤ 0.001, W: 0.718 (late adolescence). p ≤ 0.001 for all Kendall W tests.