Table 1. Socioeconomic, political and climatic characteristics for the 100 cities included in this study.
| Climate (Köppen classification) | Population | Human Development Index (HDI) | Democracy Index (DI) |
| Tropical moist (11) | <1 million habitants (11) | Very high HDI (45) | Full democracies (38) |
| Dry climate (13) | 1 to 2 million habitants (32) | High HDI (19) | Flawed democracies (32) |
| Moist mid latitude with mild winters (60) | 2 to 6 million habitants (39) | Medium HDI (22) | Hybrid regimes (14) |
| Moist mid latitude with cold winters (16) | >6 million habitants (18) | Low HDI (14) | Authoritarian regimes (16) |