Table 2. Significant differences (ANOVA) in the provision of ecosystem services using categories from significantly influential urban characteristics.
| Recreation potential (m2 per capita) | Carbon storage (kg/ha) | Habitat provision (%) | ||
| r2 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| Population | <1 million | 16.5a (2.6–44) | 39.5a (0.7–81) | 45a (5–74) |
| 1 to 2 million | 8.6b (1.7–31) | 42.3a (0.7–151) | 54a (4–93) | |
| 2 to 6 million | 7.5b (0.6–33) | 38.4a (0.2–149) | 56.2a (4–98) | |
| >6 million | 3.2b (0.4–7.6) | 27.7a (5–161) | 49.3a (2–93) | |
| p-value | 0.0008 | ns | ns | |
| Democracy Index | r2 | 0.29 | 0.14 | 0.04 |
| Authoritarian | 3.4a (0.8–6.5) | 21.3b (0.2–59) | 63.4a (7–93) | |
| Hybrid | 3.3a (0.4–8) | 32ab (3.1–114) | 52.6b (4–78) | |
| Flawed democracy | 5.6a (0.7–31) | 31.5b (0.7–161) | 52.9b (2–90) | |
| Full democracy | 13.9b (1–44) | 55.5a (3.4–151) | 48.9b (4–78) | |
| p-value | <0.0001 | 0.002 | 0.01 | |
| Climate | r2 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Tropical | 3.3a (0.6–8) | 25.5a (0.7–94.1) | 58.2a (2–88) | |
| Desert | 8.5ab (0.6–29) | 31.7a (0.2–84) | 61.5a (7–90) | |
| Mediterranean | 7.4a (0.4–33) | 40.8a (1.9–161) | 51.6a (4–93) | |
| Continental | 13.7b (3–44) | 46.5a (0.7–103) | 49.2a (4–98) | |
| p-value | 0.01 | ns | ns |
Values label with the different letter a imply significant differences among categories of analysis for Tukey’s HSD comparison test.