Fig. 4.

Regulatory switching is ubiquitous across the bacterial domain. The bacterial species phylogeny based on 29 concatenated ribosomal proteins obtained from a study by Williams et al. (37) is shown. Bars indicate the level of regulatory switching observed across all genomes within each clade. Numbers at the end of each bar correspond to the percentage of core genes exhibiting regulatory switching. Gram-negative and Gram-positive taxa are shown in purple and blue, respectively. (Scale bar: substitutions per site.)