Table 2:
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its component conditions at baseline and final follow-up
| Condition | Intervention, % (no.) | p value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mediterranean diet + EVOO | Mediterranean diet + nuts | Low-fat diet (control) | ||
| Metabolic syndrome | n = 1982 | n = 1 885 | n = 1934 | |
| At baseline | 65.1 (1291) | 61.8 (1165) | 64.7 (1251) | 0.07 |
| At final follow-up | 66.6 (1320) | 64.9 (1223) | 68.6 (1326) | 0.05 |
| Central obesity | n = 1981 | n = 1897 | n = 1926 | |
| At baseline | 74.4 (1474) | 69.5 (1319) | 75.3 (1451) | < 0.001 |
| At final follow-up | 74.1 (1467) | 70.9 (1345) | 75.0 (1445) | 0.005 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | n = 1994 | n = 1891 | n = 1946 | |
| At baseline | 34.3 (683) | 32.5 (615) | 32.5 (634) | 0.4 |
| At final follow-up | 32.6 (656) | 30.6 (575) | 33.4 (649) | 0.1 |
| Low HDL cholesterol | n = 1985 | n = 1886 | n = 1946 | |
| At baseline | 29.3 (582) | 28.2 (532) | 28.1 (563) | 0.7 |
| At final follow-up | 35.0 (694) | 34.8 (656) | 34.3 (668) | 0.9 |
| Hypertension | n = 2032 | n = 1934 | n = 1990 | |
| At baseline | 93.5 (1899) | 93.8 (1814) | 94.7 (1884) | 0.3 |
| At final follow-up | 95.4 (1938) | 94.8 (1833) | 95.4 (1899) | 0.6 |
| High fasting plasma glucose | n = 2010 | n = 1896 | n = 1966 | |
| At baseline | 65.6 (1319) | 64.5 (1223) | 66.3 (1304) | 0.5 |
| At final follow-up | 68.9 (1385) | 68.4 (1296) | 71.9 (1414) | 0.03 |
Note: EVOO = extra-virgin olive oil, HDL = high-density lipoprotein.
*
χ2 test.