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. 2014 Nov 18;5:649. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00649

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Development of the multicellular phenotype in Coleochaete orbicularis. (1) Unicellular zoospores (A) will swim for several hours before settling down (DICLM; bar = 7 μm). The plasma membrane of zoospores is covered by a layer of square scales (B; hollow arrows). In zoospores that have attached surface, fibrillar cell wall material appears under the scale layer [arrows; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image bar = 500 nm]. (2) After settling down, a cell wall quickly forms on each zoospore (C: DICLM; bar = 5 μm). The wall labels with the monoclonal antibody, JIM5, with specificity for relatively low esterified HG [D; arrow; confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) image; bar = 4 μm]. (3) During intermediate stages of development, the walled cell divides into a 2-cell stage (E, arrow; bar = 3 μm), a 4-cell stage (F; arrows; bar = 4 μm) and an 8-cell stage (G, arrows; bar = 6 μm). Images (E–G) are DICLM images. The cell walls of each cell of these multicellular stages (arrows) label with JIM5 (H, arrows; CLSM; bar = 3 μm). (4) Late stages of multicellular development. The mature thallus consists of several 100 cells organized in a flattened disc (I; DICLM; bar = 10 μm). The cells of this thallus label with JIM5 (J; arrows; CLSM; bar = 20 μm). The individual cells of the thallus are closely packed in the disk (K; circle inset; DICLM; bar = 7 μm). (5) TEM immunogold labeling with JIM5 highlights HG in the walls of cell junctions (L; arrows; bar = 500 nm).