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. 2014 Jun 11;19(3):279–292. doi: 10.1080/02673843.2014.919599

Table 5 . Multivariate analyses of risky behaviours.

Dependent Independent variables Adjusted OR [95% CI] p-Value Model
Current cigarette smoking Studying in a private university 1.52 [1.10; 2.10] 0.011 Nagelkerke R2 = 0.376
  Field of studies (health vs. others) 0.29 [0.18; 0.47]  < 0.001  
  Older age in years 1.08 [1.01; 1.15] 0.036  
  South Lebanon versus others 0.34 [0.17; 0.68] 0.002  
  Mental distress (BDS22) 10.01 [1.00; 1.02] 0.010  
  Female sex versus male 0.26 [0.19; 0.36]  < 0.001  
  Higher socio-economic level 1.22 [1.07; 1.39] 0.003  
  ARB 1.01 [1.00; 1.02]  < 0.001  
  Risk perception (RIPS) 0.99 [0.98; 0.996] 0.003  
  Irresponsibility (Motive 1) 1.08 [1.05; 1.10]  < 0.001  
  Seizing the moment (Motive 3) 1.11 [1.06; 1.16]  < 0.001  
  Goals achievement (Motive 5) 0.93 [0.87; 1.00] 0.052  
Current waterpipe smoking Field of studies (health vs. others) 0.59 [0.41; 0.85] 0.004 Nagelkerke R2 = 0.126
  Female sex versus male 0.78 [0.60; 0.96] 0.023  
  Northern Lebanon versus others 0.53 [0.34; 0.83] 0.005  
  ARB 1.01 [1.005; 1.014]  < 0.001  
  Seizing the moment (Motive 3) 1.11 [1.07; 1.15]  < 0.001  
  Social desirability (Motive 4) 1.06 [1.02; 1.10] 0.001  
  Goals achievement (Motive 5) 1.06 [1.00; 1.13] 0.072  
    Adjusted β [95%CI]    
Current cigarette dependence (YACD) Risk perception (RIPS)  − 0.07 [ − 0.10; − 0.04]  < 0.001 Adjusted R2 = 0.241
  Irresponsibility (Motive 1) 0.16 [0.05; 0.26] 0.003  
  Social desirability (Motive 4) 0.21 [0.02; 0.40] 0.027  
  Goals achievement (Motive 5)  − 0.38 [ − 0.67; − 0.10] 0.009  
  Popularity seeking (Motive 6) 0.43 [0.17; 0.70] 0.001  
Current waterpipe dependence (LWDS11) Older age in years 0.65 [0.35; 0.94]  < 0.001 Adjusted R2 = 0.189
  Female sex versus male 1.36 [0.26; 2.46] 0.016  
  Risk perception (RIPS)  − 0.06 [ − 0.09; − 0.03]  < 0.001  
  Novelty seeking (Motive 2) 0.30 [0.27; 0.38]  < 0.001  
  Goals achievement (Motive 5)  − 0.32 [ − 0.61; − 0.03] 0.031  
Problematic use of alcohol (ASSIST) Female sex versus male  − 3.50 [ − 4.11; − 2.88]  < 0.001 Adjusted R2 = 0.260
  Older age in years  − 0.26 [ − 0.40; − 0.11]  < 0.001  
  Socio-economic status 0.81 [0.56; 1.07]  < 0.001  
  Studying in a private university 1.72 [1.13; 2.32]  < 0.001  
  ARB 0.02 [0.01; 0.03] 0.007  
  Risk perception (RIPS)  − 0.02 [ − 0.04; − 0.01] 0.006  
  Irresponsibility (Motive 1) 0.07 [0.003; 0.13] 0.041  
  Novelty seeking (Motive 2) 0.08 [0.01; 0.14] 0.019  
  Seizing the moment (Motive 3) 0.23 [0.13; 0.32]  < 0.001  
  Social desirability (Motive 4) 0.19 [0.09; 0.30]  < 0.001  
  Goals achievement (Motive 5)  − 0.15 [ − 0.30; − 0.04] 0.044  
  Popularity seeking (Motive 6)  − 0.19 [ − 0.33; − 0.04] 0.014  
  Mental distress (BDS22) 0.03 [0.01; 0.05] 0.015