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. 2014 Aug 25;25(6):1436–1450. doi: 10.1093/beheco/aru135

Table 1.

Mean contest During phase duration, approach distance, and percent of interactions in which the instigator (first approacher) was the first to withdraw, for contests of different levels of escalation

Escalation level n During duration (s) Mean approach (m) % instigator withdrawal
Countersing 116 179.0±14.14 52.6±1.72 0.837
Grunt 86 253.1±16.42 46.8±2.00 0.714
Fight 12 271.9±43.95 15.5±5.35 0.417