(a) Distribution of laboratory confirmed cases of tick-borne hemorrhagic fever (b) Distribution of tick species suspected or demonstrated to be vectors of tick-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses. OHFV is transmitted primarily by Dermacentor reticulatus and D. marginatus; KFDV has been shown to be transmitted by Haemaphysalis (H. spinigera, H. turturis, H. papuana kinneari, H. minuta, H. cuspidata, H. bispinosa, H. kyasanurensis, H. wellingtoni, and H. aculeate), and Ixodes (I. petauristae and I. ceylonensis) genus ticks; SFTSV is suspected to be transmitted by Haemaphysalis longicornis and CCHFV is transmitted by Hyalomma spp ticks. OHFV = Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, KFDV = Kyasanur forest disease virus, SFTSV = Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, CCHFV = Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.