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. 2014 Nov 15;43(Suppl 1):77–90. doi: 10.1007/s13280-014-0563-2

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© The Author(s) 2014

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.

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Fig. 3 — a Overall average trends in charge associated with base cations, strong acid anions and organic acids between 1988 and 2012; b Overall average trends in measured alkalinity and calculated acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) parameters between 1988 and 2012. Measured alkalinity is presented from 1994 to 2012. CB_ANC is charge balance alkalinity (Eq. 1). OAA_ANC is the organic acid alkalinity proposed by Lydersen et al. (2004, Eq. 2) and BCS_ANC is the base cation surplus ANC of Lawrence et al. (2007, Eq. 3)