Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the study groups, people with podoconiosis and healthy controls, Northern Ethiopia, 2012
| Variable | Podoconiosis cases (%) | Healthy controls (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 139 (40.2) | 149 (42.7) |
| Female | 207 (59.8) | 200 (57.3) | |
| Age (years) | Mean (SD) | 45.74 (13.190) | 44.63 (12.903) |
| Range | 15–80 | 15–85 | |
| 15–24 | 10 (2.9) | 16 (4.6) | |
| 25–34 | 63 (18.2) | 58 (16.6) | |
| 35–44 | 79 (22.8) | 95 (27.2) | |
| 45–54 | 92 (26.6) | 77 (22.1) | |
| 55–64 | 75 (21.7) | 76 (21.8) | |
| 65+ | 27 (7.8) | 27 (7.7) | |
| Village | Yechereka | 50 (14.5) | 50 (14.3) |
| Adis Alem | 55 (15.9) | 57 (16.3) | |
| Lejat | 43 (12.4) | 43 (12.3) | |
| Sazuri Dimela | 48 (13.9) | 49 (14.0) | |
| Wad | 50 (14.5) | 51 (14.6) | |
| Yetsed | 50 (14.5) | 48 (13.8) | |
| Anigut Yedegera | 50 (14.5) | 51 (14.6) | |
| Area of residence | Rural | 339 (98.0) | 339 (97.1) |
| Urban | 7 (2.0) | 10 (2.9) | |
| Occupation | Farmer | 252 (72.8) | 266 (76.2) |
| Traders | 36 (10.4) | 30 (8.6) | |
| Employee (government/NGO/private) | 6 (1.7) | 7 (2.0) | |
| Daily labourer | 21 (6.1) | 14 (4.0) | |
| Housewife | 0 | 11 (3.2) | |
| Student | 4 (1.2) | 4 (1.1) | |
| Jobless | 16 (4.6) | 11 (3.2) | |
| Other | 11 (3.2) | 6 (1.7) | |
| Ethnicity | Amhara | 346 (100.0) | 349 (100.0) |
| Literacy | Literate | 81 (23.4) | 112 (32.1) |
| Not literate | 265 (76.6) | 237 (67.9) | |
| School attendance (of literate) | No formal school | 46 (56.8) | 48 (42.9) |
| Primary (grade 1–6) | 27 (33.3) | 41 (36.6) | |
| Secondary (grade 7–12) | 8 (9.9) | 23 (20.5) | |
| Household income (Birr/month) | Mean (SD) | 285.14 (206.42) | 384.3 (263.38) |
| Min-Max | 0–1500 | 0–1500 | |
| 1st quintile (poorest) | 86 (24.9) | 53 (15.2) | |
| 2nd quintile | 77 (22.3) | 69 (19.8) | |
| 3rd quintile | 79 (22.8) | 54 (15.5) | |
| 4th quintile | 56 (16.2) | 82 (23.5) | |
| 5th quintile (richest) | 48 (13.9) | 91 (26.1) | |
| Marital status | Married | 198 (57.2) | 265 (75.9) |
| Unmarried | 30 (8.7) | 31 (8.9) | |
| Divorced | 63 (18.2) | 34 (9.7) | |
| Widowed | 55 (15.9) | 19 (5.4) |