Table 1. Characteristics of all subjects and according to sarcopenia status in men and women.
| All | Sarcopenia | No sarcopenia | p | |
| Men | 977 | 139 (14.2%) | 838 (85.8%) | |
| Age (years) | 73.1±5.5 | 78.4±5.5 | 72.2±5.0 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 164.2±5.8 | 160.0±5.6 | 164.9±5.5 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.8±8.6 | 54.1±7.2 | 64.3±8.0 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3±2.8 | 21.1±2.5 | 23.6±2.6 | <0.001 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 7.28±0.68 | 6.34±0.48 | 7.44±0.58 | <0.001 |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | 34.8±6.0 | 27.5±4.3 | 36.0±5.3 | <0.001 |
| Usual gait speed (m/s) | 1.47±0.26 | 1.28±0.24 | 1.51±0.24 | <0.001 |
| MetS | 43.6% | 36.0% | 44.9% | 0.048 |
| MetS components | ||||
| Abdominal obesity | 55.5% | 36.0% | 58.7% | <0.001 |
| High TG | 22.7% | 21.6% | 22.9% | 0.73 |
| Low HDL-C | 21.4% | 20.9% | 21.5% | 0.87 |
| High BP | 90.4% | 88.5% | 90.7% | 0.41 |
| High FPG | 51.0% | 53.2% | 50.6% | 0.56 |
| Food intake | ||||
| Very large | 2.9% | 1.4% | 3.1% | <0.001 |
| Large | 15.3% | 5.8% | 16.8% | |
| Normal | 65.4% | 58.3% | 66.6% | |
| Small | 14.4% | 30.2% | 11.8% | |
| Very small | 2.1% | 4.3% | 1.7% | |
| Physical activity (Mets) | 3962.9±3981.0 | 3191.7±3612.2 | 4090.8±4026.7 | 0.01 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 47.2% | 51.1% | 46.5% | 0.32 |
| Diabetes | 15.4% | 18.0% | 14.9% | 0.36 |
| Dyslipidemia | 29.8% | 31.7% | 29.5% | 0.60 |
| Stroke | 7.2% | 12.2% | 6.4% | 0.01 |
| CAD | 8.0% | 11.5% | 7.4% | 0.10 |
| Cancer | 19.0% | 26.6% | 17.8% | 0.01 |
| Medication use | ||||
| Statin | 17.6% | 18.7% | 17.4% | 0.71 |
| Women | 994 | 220 (22.1%) | 774 (77.9%) | |
| Age (years) | 72.8±5.4 | 76.2±5.8 | 71.8±4.9 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 151.4±5.5 | 148.2±5.6 | 152.3±5.1 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 51.5±7.7 | 46.4±5.7 | 52.9±7.6 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5±3.2 | 21.1±2.6 | 22.8±3.2 | <0.001 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 5.84±0.65 | 5.25±0.41 | 6.02±0.60 | <0.001 |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | 22.4±3.9 | 18.4±3.2 | 23.6±3.3 | <0.001 |
| Usual gait speed (kg) | 1.46±0.26 | 1.26±0.26 | 1.51±0.23 | <0.001 |
| MetS | 28.9% | 23.6% | 30.4% | 0.052 |
| MetS components | ||||
| Abdominal obesity | 24.0% | 14.6% | 26.7% | <0.001 |
| High TG | 17.9% | 16.4% | 18.4% | 0.50 |
| Low HDL-C | 36.6% | 33.2% | 37.6% | 0.23 |
| High BP | 84.2% | 87.3% | 83.3% | 0.16 |
| High FPG | 33.7% | 34.1% | 33.6% | 0.89 |
| Food intake | ||||
| Very large | 2.0% | 1.4% | 2.2% | <0.001 |
| Large | 13.1% | 9.6% | 14.1% | |
| Normal | 72.4% | 64.1% | 74.8% | |
| Small | 11.2% | 20.9% | 8.4% | |
| Very small | 1.3% | 4.1% | 0.5% | |
| Physical activity (Mets) | 3722.7±3429.5 | 2748.0±2825.0 | 4000.0±3535.6 | <0.001 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 39.8% | 45.9% | 38.1% | 0.04 |
| Diabetes | 8.8% | 8.2% | 8.9% | 0.73 |
| Dyslipidemia | 46.9% | 45.5% | 47.3% | 0.63 |
| Stroke | 4.7% | 5.9% | 4.4% | 0.35 |
| CAD | 4.9% | 5.5% | 4.8% | 0.68 |
| Cancer | 11.2% | 11.8% | 11.0% | 0.73 |
| Medication use | ||||
| Statin | 30.3% | 29.1% | 30.6% | 0.66 |
Mean and standard deviation are shown for continuous variables, and proportions as percent for categorical variables. Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; MetS, metabolic syndrome; TG, triglycerides; CAD, coronary artery disease; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; BP, blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose.