Figure 2. Effect of concomitant treatment with 1 mg/mL PA on the proliferative response of HGFs exposed to pure water for 1–16 min (a) or physiological saline for 1–3 h (b), and the effect of a 1-min pretreatment with PA on the proliferative response of HGFs exposed to pure water for 1 min or physiological saline for 1 h (c).

Each value represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 4). Significant differences (p<0.05, Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison test) within each group are denoted by different letters (i.e., bars with the same letter are not significantly different).