Table 2.
Odds ratios for television viewing, physical activity and risk of incident diabetes over 2 years' follow-up in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing among participants without any previous diagnosis of diabetes at baseline (N = 5964)
| Television/Physical activity exposure | Cases, n/N | Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Model 3 OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Television viewing* | ||||
| <2 h/day | 5/642 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| ≥2 to <4 h/day | 35/2105 | 2.22 (0.87, 5.69) | 2.03 (0.79, 5.22) | 1.82 (0.71, 4.70) |
| ≥4 to <6 h/day | 40/1616 | 3.39 (1.33, 8.63) | 2.73 (1.06, 6.99) | 2.23 (0.86, 5.73) |
| ≥ 6 h/day | 49/1601 | 4.27 (1.69, 10.77) | 3.19 (1.25, 8.13) | 2.54 (0.99, 6.51) |
| P trend | 0.002 | 0.043 | 0.181 | |
| Physical activity† | ||||
| Inactive | 36/1022 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Moderate | 67/2957 | 0.62 (0.41, 0.94) | 0.81 (0.52, 1.25) | 0.83 (0.54, 1.30) |
| Vigorous | 26/1986 | 0.35 (0.21, 0.59) | 0.55 (0.32, 0.97) | 0.62 (0.36, 1.10) |
| P trend | <0.001 | 0.109 | 0.255 | |
| Combined television/ physical activity‡ | ||||
| Active/low TV | 12/1125 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Inactive/low TV | 28/1641 | 1.64 (0.83, 3.25) | 1.41 (0.71, 2.80) | 1.29 (0.65, 2.58) |
| Active/high TV | 14/874 | 1.56 (0.72, 3.40) | 1.44 (0.66, 3.15) | 1.29 (0.59, 2.83) |
| Inactive/high TV | 75/2359 | 3.20 (1.72, 5.94) | 2.42 (1.28, 4.56) | 1.94 (1.02, 3.68) |
TV, television viewing time; OR, odds ratio.
Active was defined as participating in vigorous activity at least once a week. High television viewing time was defined as watching >4 h/day.
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex; model 2: adjusted for age, sex, physical activity (or television viewing), smoking, alcohol, depressive symptoms, long-standing illness, disability (impairment in activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living). model 3: adjusted for age, sex, physical activity (or television viewing), smoking, alcohol, depressive symptoms, long-standing illness, disability (activities of daily living /]/ instrumental activities of daily living) + BMI category.
Models 2 and 3 adjusted for physical activity
models 2 and 3 adjusted for television viewing
television viewing and physical activity adjustments dropped from all models.