Figure 9.

TRPV4 contributes to HTS-induced swelling. A, The maximal extent of Müller cell (red) and RGC (blue) swelling in 35% HTS was reduced by chelating intracellular calcium with BAPTA-AM or by inhibiting TRPV4 and thereby limiting calcium entry. TRPV4-mediated swelling was PLA2-dependent in Müller glia, but not RGCs. Swelling was reduced in cells from TRPV4^−/− mice. HC-06 and pBPB had no additional effect on the reduction of swelling. For Müller glia, n = 96, 14, 11, 8, 13, 18, and 14. For RGCs, n = 145, 31, 36, 24, 21, 9, and 22. B, 35% HTS increased the cross-sectional area of calcein-loaded, WT (n = 51) and TRPV4-overexpressing HEK293 cells (n = 64); however, the extent of swelling was increased by the activation of TRPV4. NS, Not significant (p > 0.05). *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. ****p < 0.0001.