Table 2.
Comparison of Body Mass Index for age, body fat percentage, fat percentage of the android region, and waist circumference according to gestational variables, birth, and breastfeeding and sociodemographics of children 4–7 years of age, Viçosa, MG, 2011-2012.
| Variables | IMC/I | Body fat | Fat in the android region | Waist circumference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | |
| (z-score) | (%) | (%) | (cm) | |
| Number of prenatal visits | ||||
| ≥6 (n = 144) | 0.16 (1.21) | 15.90 (5.20–42.50) | 8.45 (4.00–44.40) | 53.97 (42.80–83.00) |
| <6 (n = 105) | 0.24 (1.34) | 15.50 (6.50–38.90) | 10.40 (4.00–39.10) | 55.70 (46.50–83.20) |
| P value | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.10 | 0.12 |
| Pregnancy weight gain | ||||
| Not excessive (n = 178) | 0.04 (1.10) | 15.45 (6.30–39.50) | 8.35 (4.00–33.80) | 53.95 (45.00–83.20) |
| Excessive (n = 59) | 0.61 (1.57) | 19.80 (5.20–42.50) | 12.10 (4.00–44.40) | 55.80 (47.10–83.00) |
| P value | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| EPB | ||||
| Yes (n = 49) | 0.21 (1.35) | 17.60 (6.50–42.50) | 9.60 (4.00–44.40) | 52.55 (47.20–83.20) |
| No (n = 208) | 0.18 (1.25) | 15.70 (5.20–40.50) | 8.75 (4.00–39.10) | 54.60 (42.80–77.60) |
| P value | 0.88 | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.18 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male (n = 142) | 0.36 (1.35) | 13.55 (5.20–40.50) | 7.50 (4.00–41.90) | 54.70 (42.80–83.20) |
| Female (n = 115) | −0.01 (1.13) | 18.60 (8.60–42.50) | 11.20 (4.00–44.40) | 53.85 (45.00–83.00) |
| P value | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.07 |
| Maternal education (years) | ||||
| >8 years (n = 150) | 0.25 (1.29) | 16.10 (6.30–40.50) | 8.85 (4.00–41.90) | 54.65 (42.80–83.20) |
| ≤8 years (n = 120) | 0.13 (1.23) | 15.30 (5.20–42.50) | 8.90 (4.00–44.40) | 54.00 (45.0–83.0) |
| P value | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.72 | 0.52 |
| Paternal education (years) | ||||
| >8 years (n = 105) | 0.14 (1.30) | 15.70 (6.50–42.50) | 7.80 (4.00–44.40) | 53.85 (42.80–83.00) |
| ≤8 years (n = 129) | 0.27 (1.22) | 16.60 (6.30–36.00) | 9.40 (4.00–39.10) | 55.40 (45.00–83.20) |
| P value | 0.42 | 0.82 | 0.57 | 0.05 |
| P value | 0.83 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.55 |
| Place of residence | ||||
| Rural (n = 23) | 0.54 (1.22) | 18.70 (6.40–35.10) | 7.70 (4.00–32.60) | 55.70 (48.30–83.20) |
| Urban (n = 234) | 0.15 (1.27) | 15.75 (5.20–42.50) | 9.10 (4.00–44.40) | 54.00 (42.80–83.00) |
| P value | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.77 | 0.38 |
BMI = Body Mass Index; min = minimum; max = maximum; cm = centimeter; SD = standard deviation; EPB = exclusive or predominant breastfeeding. P values from the Mann-Whitney test and Student t test (for BMI/A).