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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Nov 19.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2008 Jun 2;117(23):2995–3001. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.758532

Table 4.

Univariate Analysis of Preventable and Possibly Preventable Events Versus Controls

Cases (n=69), n (%) Controls (n=236), n (%) P
Study type 0.33
  Transthoracic 64 (93) 226 (96)
  Transesophageal 4 (6) 9 (4)
  Epicardial 1 (1) 1 (<1)
Age at examination <0.001
  <30 d 31 (45) 30 (13)
  30 d–<1 y 7 (10) 33 (14)
  1–5 y 20 (29) 43 (18)
  ≥6 y 11 (16) 130 (55)
Weight, kg <0.001
  <5 33 (48) 45 (19)
  5–20 24 (35) 57 (24)
  >20 12 (17) 130 (55)
  Unknown 0 (0) 4 (2)
Race 0.83
  White 46 (67) 153 (65)
  Black 3 (4) 10 (4)
  Hispanic 6 (9) 18 (8)
  Asian 2 (3) 5 (2)
  Other 6 (9) 16 (7)
  Unknown 6 (9) 34 (14)
Premature 0.095
  Yes 6 (9) 8 (3)
  No 63 (91) 228 (97)
Study location <0.001
  Echocardiography laboratory 22 (32) 152 (64)
  CICU 21 (30) 17 (7)
  NICU 10 (14) 13 (6)
  PICU 2 (3) 8 (3)
  Recovery suite 6 (9) 5 (2)
  Other 8 (12) 41 (17)
Junior staff 0.19
  Yes 20 (29) 49 (21)
  No 49 (71) 187 (79)
Day of week 0.34
  Weekday 61 (88) 217 (92)
  Weekend (saturday or sunday) 8 (12) 19 (8)
Time of day study performed 0.008
  7 AM–12:59 PM 28 (41) 135 (57)
  1 PM–6:59 PM 33 (48) 92 (39)
  7 PM–6:59 AM 8 (12) 9 (4)
Time of day study interpreted 0.010
  7 AM–12:59 PM 19 (28) 78 (33)
  1 PM–6:59 PM 38 (55) 146 (62)
  7 PM–6:59 AM 11 (16) 10 (4)
  Unknown 1 (1) 2 (1)
Frequency diagnosis observed in laboratory <0.001
  Frequent 13 (19) 134 (57)
  Less frequent 16 (23) 65 (28)
  Rare 34 (49) 36 (15)
  Very rare 6 (9) 1 (<1)
Anatomic complexity <0.001
  Low 13 (19) 142 (60)
  Moderate 29 (42) 59 (25)
  High 27 (39) 35 (15)

CICU indicates cardiac intensive care unit; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; and PICU, pediatric intensive care unit.