Table 4.
Description of the closest cultured relatives related to SLW aprA OTUs and putative sulfur cycle function.
| OTUs | % total sequences | Sediment depths observed | Closest cultured representative | % AA identity | Characteristics | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sulfur-oxidizing (SOP) – SOP lineage I | ||||||
| 1A | 61 | All | “Sideroxydans lithotrophicus” ES-1 | 97–93 | Neutrophilic, iron and sulfur oxidizer | Emerson et al. (2013) |
| 10A, 16A | 1 | MC-2B(0-4, 28-34 cm), MC-3C(3.5-8 cm) | Single cell genome | 93–89 | N. Pacific and S. Atlantic Subtropical Gyre at 770 m and 800 m water depth | Swan et al. (2011) |
| Sulfur-oxidizing (SOP) – SOP lineage II | ||||||
| 3A, 13A | 6 | MC-2B(0-4 cm), MC-3C(2-3.5, 3.5-8 cm) | “Thiobacillus plumbophilus” | 95–92 | Mesophilic, aerobic, hydrogen and sulfur oxidizer | Drobner et al. (1992) |
| Thiodictyon sp.f4 | 94–93 | Photoautotrophic, iron oxidizer | Croal et al. (2004) | |||
|
5A,8A |
6 | MC-2B(0-4, 28-34 cm), MC-3C(2-3.5 cm) | Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans | 93–86 | Facultative anaerobic autotroph, sulfur oxidizer | Kojima and Fukui (2011) |
| Sulfate-reducing (SRP) | ||||||
| 9A | 2 | MC-3C(8-16 cm) | Desulfobacterium indolicum | 95–94 | Anaerobic sulfate reducer from marine sludge | Bak and Widdel (1986) |
| 11A, 12A | 1 | MC-3C(8-16 cm) | Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii | 88–80 | Thermophilic anaerobic heterotrophic sulfate reducer | Visser et al. (2013) |
| 14A, 15A | 1 | MC-2B(28-34 cm), MC-3C(8-16 cm) | Deltaproteobacterium NaphS2 | 94–91 | Anaerobic sulfate reducer, aromatic compound degradation, from marine sediments | Galushko et al. (1999) |
| Uncertain function | ||||||
| 2A | 11 | MC-2B (4-8, 28-34 cm), MC-3C(3.5-8, 8-16 cm) | Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii | 83–81 | Thermophilic heterotrophic, obligate anaerobe, sulfate reducer | Henry et al. (1994) |
| 7A | 3 | MC-2B(0-4 cm), MC-3C(2-3.5, 3.5-8, 8-16 cm) | T. yellowstonii | 71 | Thermophilic heterotrophic, obligate anaerobe, sulfate reducer | Henry et al. (1994) |
| 4A, 6A | 9 | MC-2B(4-8, 28-34 cm), MC-3C(3.5-8, 8-16 cm) | T. yellowstonii | 78–69 | Thermophilic heterotrophic, obligate anaerobe, sulfate reducer | Henry et al. (1994) |
| Thermodeulfovibrio islandicus | 78–69 | Thermophilic sulfate reducer, isolated from hot spring in Iceland | Sonne-Hansen and Ahring (1999) | |||
| Pelodictyon phaeoclathratiforme | 78–69 | Anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur oxidizer, isolated from a meromictic freshwater lake | Overmann and Pfennig (1989) |
SOP lineages and SRP related aprA are defined by Meyer and Kuever (2007a).