Table 2.
Unadjusted outcomes of aged care and healthcare over 24 months from referral, by first and second years and overall
| Outcome over time | Intention-to-treat (ITT) | Actual treatment (AT) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HACC | HIP | P-value | HACC | HIP | P-value | |||||
| n | n | n | n | |||||||
| First year | ||||||||||
| Hours all services, mean (SD)* | 375 | 116.8 (125.4) | 375 | 83.6 (81.9) | <0.001 | 395 | 119.6 (124.9) | 310 | 79.5 (70.6) | <0.001 |
| Hours personal care, mean (SD)* | 375 | 45.6 (49.3) | 375 | 19.1 (27.6) | <0.001 | 395 | 48.2 (49.1) | 310 | 16.1 (22.2) | <0.001 |
| Assessed and approved for higher level of care, n (%)† | 375 | 190 (50.7) | 375 | 163 (43.5) | 0.048 | 395 | 196 (49.6) | 310 | 134 (43.2) | 0.091 |
| Ongoing personal care, n (%)† | 310 | 160 (51.6) | 150 | 63 (25.2) | <0.001 | 336 | 175 (52.1) | 216 | 45 (20.8) | <0.001 |
| Emergent personal care, n (%)† | 65 | 18 (27.7) | 125 | 17 (13.6) | 0.017 | 59 | 22 (37.3) | 94 | 11 (11.7) | <0.001 |
| ED presentation, n (%)† | 375 | 208 (55.5) | 375 | 188 (50.1) | 0.143 | 395 | 224 (56.7) | 310 | 146 (47.1) | 0.011 |
| Hospital admission, n (%)† | 375 | 218 (58.1) | 375 | 206 (54.9) | 0.377 | 395 | 233 (59.0) | 310 | 160 (51.6) | 0.050 |
| Episodic LOS, mean (SD)* | 375 | 6.3 (9.9) | 375 | 5.4 (9.2) | 0.092 | 395 | 6.1 (9.5) | 310 | 5.2 (9.1) | 0.109 |
| Cumulative LOS, mean (SD)* | 375 | 18.6 (19.0) | 375 | 18.4 (24.2) | 0.926 | 395 | 18.3 (18.9) | 310 | 19.11 (26.0) | 0.708 |
| Deaths, observed (expected)‡ | 375 | 77 (75.8) | 375 | 74 (75.2) | 0.840 | 395 | 84 (79.9) | 310 | 59 (63.1) | 0.489 |
| Second year | ||||||||||
| Hours all services, mean (SD)* | 298 | 92.5 (137.9) | 301 | 50.4 (90.7) | <0.001 | 311 | 90.8 (138.7) | 251 | 46.7 (75.8) | <0.001 |
| Hours personal care, mean (SD)* | 298 | 36.2 (51.5) | 301 | 13.4 (31.5) | <0.001 | 311 | 37.9 (52.9) | 251 | 11.0 (26.2) | <0.001 |
| Assessed and approved for higher level of care, n (%)† | 298 | 104 (34.9) | 301 | 92 (30.6) | 0.258 | 311 | 110 (35.4) | 251 | 73 (29.1) | 0.114 |
| Ongoing personal care, n (%)† | 246 | 85 (34.5) | 201 | 23 (11.4) | <0.001 | 266 | 85 (31.9) | 174 | 20 (11.5) | <0.001 |
| Emergent personal care, n (%)† | 52 | 9 (17.3) | 100 | 6 (6.0) | 0.027 | 45 | 10 (22.2) | 77 | 4 (5.2) | 0.004 |
| ED presentation, n (%)† | 298 | 139 (46.6) | 301 | 117 (38.9) | 0.054 | 311 | 143 (46.0) | 251 | 94 (37.4) | 0.042 |
| Hospital admission, n (%)† | 298 | 132 (44.3) | 301 | 110 (36.5) | 0.053 | 311 | 139 (44.7) | 251 | 87 (34.66) | 0.016 |
| Episodic LOS, mean (SD)* | 298 | 4.4 (9.9) | 301 | 3.9 (10.4) | 0.301 | 311 | 4.5 (10.1) | 251 | 3.9 (10.8) | 0.235 |
| Cumulative LOS, mean (SD)* | 298 | 15.2 (15.4) | 301 | 20.6 (27.6) | 0.055 | 311 | 15.7 (16.2) | 251 | 21.8 (29.1) | 0.044 |
| Deaths, observed (expected)‡ | 298 | 62 (51.2) | 301 | 43 (53.8) | 0.035 | 311 | 66 (53.7) | 251 | 33 (45.3) | 0.013 |
| Overall 24 months | ||||||||||
| Hours all services, mean (SD)* | 375 | 190.3 (230.4) | 375 | 124.0 (154.5) | <0.001 | 395 | 191.2 (230.4) | 310 | 117.3 (129.4) | <0.001 |
| Hours personal care, mean (SD)* | 375 | 74.4 (86.6) | 375 | 29.8 (52.6) | <0.001 | 395 | 78.0 (87.9) | 310 | 25.0 (42.4) | <0.001 |
| Assessed and approved for higher level of care, n (%)† | 375 | 241 (64.3) | 375 | 210 (56.0) | 0.021 | 395 | 249 (63.0) | 310 | 171 (55.2) | 0.034 |
| ED presentation, n (%)† | 375 | 257 (68.5) | 375 | 239 (63.7) | 0.165 | 395 | 274 (69.4) | 310 | 188 (60.6) | 0.016 |
| Hospital admission, n (%)† | 375 | 265 (70.7) | 375 | 248 (66.1) | 0.182 | 395 | 283 (71.6) | 310 | 194 (62.6) | 0.011 |
| Episodic LOS, mean (SD)* | 375 | 7.6 (10.9) | 375 | 6.8 (10.5) | 0.161 | 395 | 7.5 (10.7) | 310 | 6.6 (10.4) | 0.120 |
| Cumulative LOS, mean (SD)* | 375 | 22.8 (22.8) | 375 | 24.4 (36.4) | 0.558 | 395 | 22.8 (23.3) | 310 | 25.55 (39.5) | 0.335 |
| Deaths, observed (expected)‡ | 375 | 139 (127) | 375 | 117 (129) | 0.133 | 395 | 150 (133.6) | 310 | 92 (108.4) | 0.034 |
HIP = home independence program (intervention group); HACC = home and community care programme (‘usual care’ control group); intention-to-treat = subjects grouped as randomised; actual treatment, subjects grouped according to actual service received; LOS, length of stay.
*
Unpaired t-test with equal variances.
†
Chi-squared test.
‡
Log-rank test for equality of survivor functions.